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Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis

AIM: To clarify the histological changes associated with liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization (PTPE) in pigs and humans. METHODS: As a preliminary study, we performed pathological examinations of liver specimens from five pigs that had undergone PTPE in a time-dependent...

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Autores principales: Iwao, Yasuhito, Ojima, Hidenori, Kobayashi, Tatsushi, Kishi, Yoji, Nara, Satoshi, Esaki, Minoru, Shimada, Kazuaki, Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi, Tanabe, Minoru, Kanai, Yae
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5696605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29184609
http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v9.i32.1227
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author Iwao, Yasuhito
Ojima, Hidenori
Kobayashi, Tatsushi
Kishi, Yoji
Nara, Satoshi
Esaki, Minoru
Shimada, Kazuaki
Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi
Tanabe, Minoru
Kanai, Yae
author_facet Iwao, Yasuhito
Ojima, Hidenori
Kobayashi, Tatsushi
Kishi, Yoji
Nara, Satoshi
Esaki, Minoru
Shimada, Kazuaki
Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi
Tanabe, Minoru
Kanai, Yae
author_sort Iwao, Yasuhito
collection PubMed
description AIM: To clarify the histological changes associated with liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization (PTPE) in pigs and humans. METHODS: As a preliminary study, we performed pathological examinations of liver specimens from five pigs that had undergone PTPE in a time-dependent model of liver atrophy. In specimens from embolized lobes (EMB) and nonembolized lobes (controls), we measured the portal vein to central vein distance (PV-CV), the area and number of hepatocytes per lobule, and apoptotic activity using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. Immunohistochemical reactivities were evaluated for light chain 3 (LC3) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) as autophagy markers and for glutamine synthetase and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) as metabolic zonation markers. Samples from ten human livers taken 20-36 d after PTPE were similarly examined. RESULTS: PV-CVs and lobule areas did not differ between EMB and controls at day 0, but were lower in EMB than in controls at weeks 2, 4, and 6 (P ≤ 0.001). Hepatocyte numbers were not significantly reduced in EMB at day 0 and week 2 but were reduced at weeks 4 and 6 (P ≤ 0.05). Apoptotic activity was higher in EMB than in controls at day 0 and week 4. LC3 and LAMP2 staining peaked in EMB at week 2, with no significant difference between EMB and controls at weeks 4 and 6. Glutamine synthetase and CYP2E1 zonation in EMB at weeks 2, 4, and 6 were narrower than those in controls. Human results were consistent with those of porcine specimens. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of liver atrophy after PTPE has two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy is likely caused by autophagy in the first 2 wk and apoptosis thereafter.
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spelling pubmed-56966052017-11-28 Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis Iwao, Yasuhito Ojima, Hidenori Kobayashi, Tatsushi Kishi, Yoji Nara, Satoshi Esaki, Minoru Shimada, Kazuaki Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi Tanabe, Minoru Kanai, Yae World J Hepatol Basic Study AIM: To clarify the histological changes associated with liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization (PTPE) in pigs and humans. METHODS: As a preliminary study, we performed pathological examinations of liver specimens from five pigs that had undergone PTPE in a time-dependent model of liver atrophy. In specimens from embolized lobes (EMB) and nonembolized lobes (controls), we measured the portal vein to central vein distance (PV-CV), the area and number of hepatocytes per lobule, and apoptotic activity using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. Immunohistochemical reactivities were evaluated for light chain 3 (LC3) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) as autophagy markers and for glutamine synthetase and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) as metabolic zonation markers. Samples from ten human livers taken 20-36 d after PTPE were similarly examined. RESULTS: PV-CVs and lobule areas did not differ between EMB and controls at day 0, but were lower in EMB than in controls at weeks 2, 4, and 6 (P ≤ 0.001). Hepatocyte numbers were not significantly reduced in EMB at day 0 and week 2 but were reduced at weeks 4 and 6 (P ≤ 0.05). Apoptotic activity was higher in EMB than in controls at day 0 and week 4. LC3 and LAMP2 staining peaked in EMB at week 2, with no significant difference between EMB and controls at weeks 4 and 6. Glutamine synthetase and CYP2E1 zonation in EMB at weeks 2, 4, and 6 were narrower than those in controls. Human results were consistent with those of porcine specimens. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of liver atrophy after PTPE has two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy is likely caused by autophagy in the first 2 wk and apoptosis thereafter. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017-11-18 2017-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5696605/ /pubmed/29184609 http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v9.i32.1227 Text en ©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Basic Study
Iwao, Yasuhito
Ojima, Hidenori
Kobayashi, Tatsushi
Kishi, Yoji
Nara, Satoshi
Esaki, Minoru
Shimada, Kazuaki
Hiraoka, Nobuyoshi
Tanabe, Minoru
Kanai, Yae
Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
title Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
title_full Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
title_fullStr Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
title_full_unstemmed Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
title_short Liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: Hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
title_sort liver atrophy after percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization occurs in two histological phases: hepatocellular atrophy followed by apoptosis
topic Basic Study
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5696605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29184609
http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v9.i32.1227
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