Evaluation of Endometrial Angiogenesis in Mice Uterus Before Implantation in Natural Cycles Followed by Use of Human Menopausal Gonadotropin - Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Drugs and Epigallocatechin Gallate

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis plays a major role in endometrial receptivity and thickening of the endometrium immediately before implantation. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antiangiogenic properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea in angiogenesis of endometrium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, forty adult female NMARI mice randomly divided into four groups. Control group received vehicle; human menopausal gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin (HMG/HCG) group received 7.5 IU HMG intraperitoneal (IP) and 48 h later 7.5 IU HCG was injected (IP) for ovarian stimulation; HMG/HCG + EGCG group received HMG and HCG in the same manner as the previous group and also received 5 mg/kg EGCG at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after injection of HMG; and the group EGCG received 5 mg/kg EGCG. A male mouse was kept with two female animals in the same cage for mating. Mice were dissected 96 h after administration of HMG (immediately before implantation) and tissue processing was carried out for the uterine specimens. CD31-positive cells were counted by use of histological and immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Angiogenesis in EGCG-treated group was less than that of control and gonadotropin group (P < 0.05). The number of endothelial cells was counted by CD31 marker under a light microscope and showed significant differences between all groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: EGCG significantly inhibited the angiogenesis in endometrium (in natural cycles) through antiangiogenic effects.