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The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking

Recent research has suggested that musicians have an advantage in some speech-in-noise paradigms, but not all. Whether musicians outperform nonmusicians on a given speech-in-noise task may well depend on the type of noise involved. To date, few groups have specifically studied the role that informat...

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Autores principales: Morse-Fortier, Charlotte, Parrish, Mary M., Baran, Jane A., Freyman, Richard L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5703091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29161982
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216517739427
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author Morse-Fortier, Charlotte
Parrish, Mary M.
Baran, Jane A.
Freyman, Richard L.
author_facet Morse-Fortier, Charlotte
Parrish, Mary M.
Baran, Jane A.
Freyman, Richard L.
author_sort Morse-Fortier, Charlotte
collection PubMed
description Recent research has suggested that musicians have an advantage in some speech-in-noise paradigms, but not all. Whether musicians outperform nonmusicians on a given speech-in-noise task may well depend on the type of noise involved. To date, few groups have specifically studied the role that informational masking plays in the observation of a musician advantage. The current study investigated the effect of musicianship on listeners’ ability to overcome informational versus energetic masking of speech. Monosyllabic words were presented in four conditions that created similar energetic masking but either high or low informational masking. Two of these conditions used noise-vocoded target and masking stimuli to determine whether the absence of natural fine structure and spectral variations influenced any musician advantage. Forty young normal-hearing listeners (20 musicians and 20 nonmusicians) completed the study. There was a significant overall effect of participant group collapsing across the four conditions; however, planned comparisons showed musicians’ thresholds were only significantly better in the high informational masking natural speech condition, where the musician advantage was approximately 3 dB. These results add to the mounting evidence that informational masking plays a role in the presence and amount of musician benefit.
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spelling pubmed-57030912017-12-04 The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking Morse-Fortier, Charlotte Parrish, Mary M. Baran, Jane A. Freyman, Richard L. Trends Hear Original Article Recent research has suggested that musicians have an advantage in some speech-in-noise paradigms, but not all. Whether musicians outperform nonmusicians on a given speech-in-noise task may well depend on the type of noise involved. To date, few groups have specifically studied the role that informational masking plays in the observation of a musician advantage. The current study investigated the effect of musicianship on listeners’ ability to overcome informational versus energetic masking of speech. Monosyllabic words were presented in four conditions that created similar energetic masking but either high or low informational masking. Two of these conditions used noise-vocoded target and masking stimuli to determine whether the absence of natural fine structure and spectral variations influenced any musician advantage. Forty young normal-hearing listeners (20 musicians and 20 nonmusicians) completed the study. There was a significant overall effect of participant group collapsing across the four conditions; however, planned comparisons showed musicians’ thresholds were only significantly better in the high informational masking natural speech condition, where the musician advantage was approximately 3 dB. These results add to the mounting evidence that informational masking plays a role in the presence and amount of musician benefit. SAGE Publications 2017-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5703091/ /pubmed/29161982 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216517739427 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Article
Morse-Fortier, Charlotte
Parrish, Mary M.
Baran, Jane A.
Freyman, Richard L.
The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking
title The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking
title_full The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking
title_fullStr The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking
title_short The Effects of Musical Training on Speech Detection in the Presence of Informational and Energetic Masking
title_sort effects of musical training on speech detection in the presence of informational and energetic masking
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5703091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29161982
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216517739427
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