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Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics

Depression has been associated with peripheral inflammatory processes and alterations in cellular immunity. Growing evidence suggests that immunological alterations may neither be necessary nor sufficient to induce depression in general, but seem to be associated with specific features. Using baseli...

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Autores principales: Euteneuer, Frank, Dannehl, Katharina, del Rey, Adriana, Engler, Harald, Schedlowski, Manfred, Rief, Winfried
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5703704/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29218020
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00250
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author Euteneuer, Frank
Dannehl, Katharina
del Rey, Adriana
Engler, Harald
Schedlowski, Manfred
Rief, Winfried
author_facet Euteneuer, Frank
Dannehl, Katharina
del Rey, Adriana
Engler, Harald
Schedlowski, Manfred
Rief, Winfried
author_sort Euteneuer, Frank
collection PubMed
description Depression has been associated with peripheral inflammatory processes and alterations in cellular immunity. Growing evidence suggests that immunological alterations may neither be necessary nor sufficient to induce depression in general, but seem to be associated with specific features. Using baseline data from the Outcome of Psychological Interventions in Depression trial, this exploratory study examines associations between depression subtypes and pathogenetic characteristics (i.e., melancholic vs non-melancholic depression, chronic vs non-chronic depression, age of onset, cognitive-affective and somatic symptom dimensions) with plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and numbers of leukocyte subpopulations in 98 patients with major depression (MD) and 30 age and sex-matched controls. Patients with MD exhibited higher CRP levels, higher neutrophil and monocyte counts, lower IL-10 levels, and an increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) than controls. Patient with later age of onset had higher levels of two inflammatory markers (CRP, NLR) and lower cytotoxic T cell counts after adjusting for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and antidepressants. Furthermore, lower anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels were related to more severe somatic depressive symptoms. These results confirm and extend previous findings suggesting that increased levels of CRP are associated with a later onset of depression and demonstrate that also NLR as a subclinical inflammatory marker is related to a later onset of depression.
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spelling pubmed-57037042017-12-07 Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics Euteneuer, Frank Dannehl, Katharina del Rey, Adriana Engler, Harald Schedlowski, Manfred Rief, Winfried Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Depression has been associated with peripheral inflammatory processes and alterations in cellular immunity. Growing evidence suggests that immunological alterations may neither be necessary nor sufficient to induce depression in general, but seem to be associated with specific features. Using baseline data from the Outcome of Psychological Interventions in Depression trial, this exploratory study examines associations between depression subtypes and pathogenetic characteristics (i.e., melancholic vs non-melancholic depression, chronic vs non-chronic depression, age of onset, cognitive-affective and somatic symptom dimensions) with plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and numbers of leukocyte subpopulations in 98 patients with major depression (MD) and 30 age and sex-matched controls. Patients with MD exhibited higher CRP levels, higher neutrophil and monocyte counts, lower IL-10 levels, and an increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) than controls. Patient with later age of onset had higher levels of two inflammatory markers (CRP, NLR) and lower cytotoxic T cell counts after adjusting for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and antidepressants. Furthermore, lower anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels were related to more severe somatic depressive symptoms. These results confirm and extend previous findings suggesting that increased levels of CRP are associated with a later onset of depression and demonstrate that also NLR as a subclinical inflammatory marker is related to a later onset of depression. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5703704/ /pubmed/29218020 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00250 Text en Copyright © 2017 Euteneuer, Dannehl, del Rey, Engler, Schedlowski and Rief. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Euteneuer, Frank
Dannehl, Katharina
del Rey, Adriana
Engler, Harald
Schedlowski, Manfred
Rief, Winfried
Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics
title Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics
title_full Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics
title_fullStr Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics
title_full_unstemmed Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics
title_short Peripheral Immune Alterations in Major Depression: The Role of Subtypes and Pathogenetic Characteristics
title_sort peripheral immune alterations in major depression: the role of subtypes and pathogenetic characteristics
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5703704/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29218020
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00250
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