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Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) account for at least 40% of all referrals to gastroenterologists. Of the 33 recognized adult FGIDs, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent, with a worldwide prevalence estimated at 12%. IBS is an important health care concern as it greatly...

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Autores principales: Lacy, Brian E., Patel, Nihal K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5704116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29072609
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm6110099
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author Lacy, Brian E.
Patel, Nihal K.
author_facet Lacy, Brian E.
Patel, Nihal K.
author_sort Lacy, Brian E.
collection PubMed
description Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) account for at least 40% of all referrals to gastroenterologists. Of the 33 recognized adult FGIDs, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent, with a worldwide prevalence estimated at 12%. IBS is an important health care concern as it greatly affects patients’ quality of life and imposes a significant economic burden to the health care system. Cardinal symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The absence of abdominal pain makes the diagnosis of IBS untenable. The diagnosis of IBS can be made by performing a careful review of the patient’s symptoms, taking a thoughtful history (e.g., diet, medication, medical, surgical, and psychological history), evaluating the patient for the presence of warning signs (e.g., “red flags” of anemia, hematochezia, unintentional weight loss, or a family history of colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease), performing a guided physical examination, and using the Rome IV criteria. The Rome criteria were developed by a panel of international experts in the field of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Although initially developed to guide researchers, these criteria have undergone several revisions with the intent of making them clinically useful and relevant. This monograph provides a brief overview on the development of the Rome criteria, discusses the utility of the Rome IV criteria, and reviews how the criteria can be applied clinically to diagnose IBS. In addition, a diagnostic strategy for the cost-effective diagnosis of IBS will be reviewed.
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spelling pubmed-57041162017-11-30 Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome Lacy, Brian E. Patel, Nihal K. J Clin Med Review Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) account for at least 40% of all referrals to gastroenterologists. Of the 33 recognized adult FGIDs, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent, with a worldwide prevalence estimated at 12%. IBS is an important health care concern as it greatly affects patients’ quality of life and imposes a significant economic burden to the health care system. Cardinal symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The absence of abdominal pain makes the diagnosis of IBS untenable. The diagnosis of IBS can be made by performing a careful review of the patient’s symptoms, taking a thoughtful history (e.g., diet, medication, medical, surgical, and psychological history), evaluating the patient for the presence of warning signs (e.g., “red flags” of anemia, hematochezia, unintentional weight loss, or a family history of colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease), performing a guided physical examination, and using the Rome IV criteria. The Rome criteria were developed by a panel of international experts in the field of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Although initially developed to guide researchers, these criteria have undergone several revisions with the intent of making them clinically useful and relevant. This monograph provides a brief overview on the development of the Rome criteria, discusses the utility of the Rome IV criteria, and reviews how the criteria can be applied clinically to diagnose IBS. In addition, a diagnostic strategy for the cost-effective diagnosis of IBS will be reviewed. MDPI 2017-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5704116/ /pubmed/29072609 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm6110099 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lacy, Brian E.
Patel, Nihal K.
Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
title Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
title_full Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
title_fullStr Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
title_short Rome Criteria and a Diagnostic Approach to Irritable Bowel Syndrome
title_sort rome criteria and a diagnostic approach to irritable bowel syndrome
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5704116/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29072609
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm6110099
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