Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

Metal-fluoride nanoparticles, (MF(x)-NPs) with M = Fe, Co, Pr, Eu, supported on different types of thermally reduced graphite oxide (TRGO) were obtained by microwave-assisted thermal decomposition of transition-metal amidinates, (M{MeC[N(iPr)](2)}(n)) or [M(AMD)(n)] with M = Fe(II), Co(II), Pr(III), and tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)europium, Eu(dpm)(3), in the presence of TRGO in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF(4)]). The crystalline phases of the metal fluorides synthesized in [BMIm][BF(4)] were identified by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) to be MF(2) for M = Fe, Co and MF(3) for M = Eu, Pr. The diameters and size distributions of MF(x)@TRGO were from (6 ± 2) to (102 ± 41) nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used for further characterization of the MF(x)-NPs. Electrochemical investigations of the FeF(2)-NPs@TRGO as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries were evaluated by galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles. The results indicate that the FeF(2)-NPs@TRGO as cathode material can present a specific capacity of 500 mAh/g at a current density of 50 mA/g, including a significant interfacial charge storage contribution. The obtained nanomaterials show a good rate capacity as well (220 mAh/g and 130 mAh/g) at a current density of 200 and 500 mA/g, respectively.