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An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a common initial presentation leading to a diagnostic challenge. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 3-month history of moderate-to-high fever was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old man. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of his chest showed a remarkable...

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Autores principales: Liu, Wei, Jiang, Hongli, Jing, Han, Mao, Bing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer Health 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5704863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29145318
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000008734
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author Liu, Wei
Jiang, Hongli
Jing, Han
Mao, Bing
author_facet Liu, Wei
Jiang, Hongli
Jing, Han
Mao, Bing
author_sort Liu, Wei
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a common initial presentation leading to a diagnostic challenge. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 3-month history of moderate-to-high fever was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old man. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of his chest showed a remarkable progressive enlargement of bilateral cervical, supraclavicular, hilar, and mediastinal lymph nodes within 2 weeks. Bronchofibroscopy manifested obvious luminal stenosis with swelling, thick pale mucosa, and disappearing of structures of trachea cricoid cartilage, followed by a 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography–computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) with intense symmetric FDG uptake in larynx, tracheobronchial tree, and hilar, mediastinal, and axillary lymph nodes being demonstrated. DIAGNOSIS: A diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis (RP) was finally reached. INTERVENTIONS: The patient received methylprednisolone 40 mg daily with a gradual tapering in a 4-month follow-up. OUTCOMES: The patient experienced no relapse of fever and lymph nodes enlargement in the 4-month follow-up. LESSONS: Even though long-term fever with multiple lymphadenectasis usually lead to a diagnosis of lymphoma, the bronchoscopic features and evidence from 18F-FDG PET/CT in this case were much more approximate to RP, indicating an importance of a sensible differential diagnosis of RP in patients who present with nonspecific features such as FUO and lymph nodes enlargement. Keeping a high index of clinical suspicion in these patients can help recognize uncommon of RP and promote diagnosis and treatment. Our case highlights the significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in helping reaching the diagnosis of RP in this condition. This report provides new data regarding the diagnostic difficulties of this rare type of autoimmune disease, and further investigations are needed as cases accumulate.
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spelling pubmed-57048632017-12-07 An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report Liu, Wei Jiang, Hongli Jing, Han Mao, Bing Medicine (Baltimore) 3600 INTRODUCTION: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a common initial presentation leading to a diagnostic challenge. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 3-month history of moderate-to-high fever was reported in an otherwise healthy 54-year-old man. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of his chest showed a remarkable progressive enlargement of bilateral cervical, supraclavicular, hilar, and mediastinal lymph nodes within 2 weeks. Bronchofibroscopy manifested obvious luminal stenosis with swelling, thick pale mucosa, and disappearing of structures of trachea cricoid cartilage, followed by a 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography–computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) with intense symmetric FDG uptake in larynx, tracheobronchial tree, and hilar, mediastinal, and axillary lymph nodes being demonstrated. DIAGNOSIS: A diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis (RP) was finally reached. INTERVENTIONS: The patient received methylprednisolone 40 mg daily with a gradual tapering in a 4-month follow-up. OUTCOMES: The patient experienced no relapse of fever and lymph nodes enlargement in the 4-month follow-up. LESSONS: Even though long-term fever with multiple lymphadenectasis usually lead to a diagnosis of lymphoma, the bronchoscopic features and evidence from 18F-FDG PET/CT in this case were much more approximate to RP, indicating an importance of a sensible differential diagnosis of RP in patients who present with nonspecific features such as FUO and lymph nodes enlargement. Keeping a high index of clinical suspicion in these patients can help recognize uncommon of RP and promote diagnosis and treatment. Our case highlights the significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in helping reaching the diagnosis of RP in this condition. This report provides new data regarding the diagnostic difficulties of this rare type of autoimmune disease, and further investigations are needed as cases accumulate. Wolters Kluwer Health 2017-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC5704863/ /pubmed/29145318 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000008734 Text en Copyright © 2017 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
spellingShingle 3600
Liu, Wei
Jiang, Hongli
Jing, Han
Mao, Bing
An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report
title An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report
title_full An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report
title_fullStr An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report
title_full_unstemmed An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report
title_short An unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: A case report
title_sort unusual cause of fever of unknown origin with enlarged lymph nodes—relapsing polychondritis: a case report
topic 3600
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5704863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29145318
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000008734
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