Endocarditis due to Abiotrophia defectiva, a biofilm-related infection associated with the presence of fixed braces: A case report

RATIONALE: Endocarditis with Abiotrophia defectiva represents 4.3% to 6% of all streptococcal endocarditis. The article presents diagnosis issues and the complexity of the treatment. PATIENT CONCERNS: We present the case of a female white patient, aged 26 years, who developed infectious endocarditis caused by A defectiva, in the last trimester of pregnancy, a biofilm-related infection associated with the presence of fixed braces. DIAGNOSES: The diagnosis of infectious endocarditis was confirmed by the cardiac ultrasound examination that revealed a voluminous vegetation on the mitral valve, and acute mitral regurgitation caused by chordae tendinae rupture, and also by isolating Abiotrophia defectiva from two positive blood cultures. INTERVENTIONS: The decision to undergo surgical intervention was taken, and a mitral valve replacement was performed. Surgical intervention that was associated with board-spectrum antibiotic therapy. OUTCOMES: A defectiva, remains a rare cause of infective endocarditis, with a reserved prognosis that is motivated by the extensive valvular lesions and the risk of embolism. LESSONS: The use of antibiotics administered in association, in the management of infective endocarditis, is mandatory.