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Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination

BACKGROUND: Hydroquinone (HQ) is frequently combined with retinoic acid (RA) to enhance lightening efficacy, which may also affect skin irritancy. Although skin irritation leads to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, little research has been performed to compare skin irritancy between each component...

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Autores principales: Kim, Gwang Hoon, Cheong, Kyung Ah, Lee, Ai-Young
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Dermatological Association; The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5705352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29200759
http://dx.doi.org/10.5021/ad.2017.29.6.715
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author Kim, Gwang Hoon
Cheong, Kyung Ah
Lee, Ai-Young
author_facet Kim, Gwang Hoon
Cheong, Kyung Ah
Lee, Ai-Young
author_sort Kim, Gwang Hoon
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hydroquinone (HQ) is frequently combined with retinoic acid (RA) to enhance lightening efficacy, which may also affect skin irritancy. Although skin irritation leads to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, little research has been performed to compare skin irritancy between each component and the combination. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to examine whether HQ-RA combination increased skin irritation induced by HQ or RA alone. METHODS: Patch testing was performed using maximum therapeutic and higher concentrations of HQ and RA in 10 volunteers, and then, it was performed using their popular therapeutic concentrations and combination in the other 20 volunteers. In vitro irritation was also assessed in primary cultured normal human keratinocytes treated with 80% and 50% cell survival doses of HQ, 80% cell survival dose of RA, and their combination. RESULTS: The combination in patch testing induced stronger erythema than the corresponding concentrations of HQ and RA, which was remarkable with use of combination of higher concentrations. In cultured keratinocytes, the RA combination significantly decreased cell viability, but increased cytotoxicity and extracellular interleukin 1 alpha release with corresponding doses of HQ. CONCLUSION: The results of patch tests and in vitro irritation assessment tests suggested that HQ and RA increased skin irritation when used in combination.
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spelling pubmed-57053522017-12-04 Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination Kim, Gwang Hoon Cheong, Kyung Ah Lee, Ai-Young Ann Dermatol Original Article BACKGROUND: Hydroquinone (HQ) is frequently combined with retinoic acid (RA) to enhance lightening efficacy, which may also affect skin irritancy. Although skin irritation leads to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, little research has been performed to compare skin irritancy between each component and the combination. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to examine whether HQ-RA combination increased skin irritation induced by HQ or RA alone. METHODS: Patch testing was performed using maximum therapeutic and higher concentrations of HQ and RA in 10 volunteers, and then, it was performed using their popular therapeutic concentrations and combination in the other 20 volunteers. In vitro irritation was also assessed in primary cultured normal human keratinocytes treated with 80% and 50% cell survival doses of HQ, 80% cell survival dose of RA, and their combination. RESULTS: The combination in patch testing induced stronger erythema than the corresponding concentrations of HQ and RA, which was remarkable with use of combination of higher concentrations. In cultured keratinocytes, the RA combination significantly decreased cell viability, but increased cytotoxicity and extracellular interleukin 1 alpha release with corresponding doses of HQ. CONCLUSION: The results of patch tests and in vitro irritation assessment tests suggested that HQ and RA increased skin irritation when used in combination. The Korean Dermatological Association; The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology 2017-12 2017-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5705352/ /pubmed/29200759 http://dx.doi.org/10.5021/ad.2017.29.6.715 Text en Copyright © 2017 The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Kim, Gwang Hoon
Cheong, Kyung Ah
Lee, Ai-Young
Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination
title Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination
title_full Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination
title_fullStr Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination
title_full_unstemmed Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination
title_short Increased Skin Irritation by Hydroquinone and Rsetinoic Acid Used in Combination
title_sort increased skin irritation by hydroquinone and rsetinoic acid used in combination
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5705352/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29200759
http://dx.doi.org/10.5021/ad.2017.29.6.715
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