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The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance

This study investigates the production and perception of timing, synchronisation and dynamics in jazz trio performances. In a production experiment, six trio combinations of one saxophonist, two bassists, and three drummers were recorded while they performed three popular jazz songs. Onset timing an...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hofmann, Alex, Wesolowski, Brian C., Goebl, Werner
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Routledge 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5706983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29238387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2017.1355394
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author Hofmann, Alex
Wesolowski, Brian C.
Goebl, Werner
author_facet Hofmann, Alex
Wesolowski, Brian C.
Goebl, Werner
author_sort Hofmann, Alex
collection PubMed
description This study investigates the production and perception of timing, synchronisation and dynamics in jazz trio performances. In a production experiment, six trio combinations of one saxophonist, two bassists, and three drummers were recorded while they performed three popular jazz songs. Onset timing and dynamics of each performer were extracted and analysed. Results showed that the tempo was significantly influenced by the timing of the drummers and all performers showed higher temporal precision on the backbeats. The drummers demonstrated individual swing-ratios, accentuations of beats and intrapersonal asynchronies between simultaneous hi-hat and ride cymbal onsets, which resulted in a hi-hat played 2–26 ms ahead of the pulse of the music. In a subsequent perception test, participants ([Image: see text]) rated 12 excerpts of the jazz recordings. They selected their preferred version from a pool of stimuli containing the original version, but also manipulations with artificially increased or reduced asynchronies. Stimuli with reduced asynchronies smaller than 19 ms were preferred by the listeners over the original or the fully quantised timing. This suggests that listeners endorse a ‘tight-interlocked’ jazz rhythm section, with asynchronies smaller than the perceptual threshold (temporal masking), but with natural timing variabilities that makes it distinguishable from a computer-generated playback.
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spelling pubmed-57069832017-12-11 The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance Hofmann, Alex Wesolowski, Brian C. Goebl, Werner J New Music Res Original Articles This study investigates the production and perception of timing, synchronisation and dynamics in jazz trio performances. In a production experiment, six trio combinations of one saxophonist, two bassists, and three drummers were recorded while they performed three popular jazz songs. Onset timing and dynamics of each performer were extracted and analysed. Results showed that the tempo was significantly influenced by the timing of the drummers and all performers showed higher temporal precision on the backbeats. The drummers demonstrated individual swing-ratios, accentuations of beats and intrapersonal asynchronies between simultaneous hi-hat and ride cymbal onsets, which resulted in a hi-hat played 2–26 ms ahead of the pulse of the music. In a subsequent perception test, participants ([Image: see text]) rated 12 excerpts of the jazz recordings. They selected their preferred version from a pool of stimuli containing the original version, but also manipulations with artificially increased or reduced asynchronies. Stimuli with reduced asynchronies smaller than 19 ms were preferred by the listeners over the original or the fully quantised timing. This suggests that listeners endorse a ‘tight-interlocked’ jazz rhythm section, with asynchronies smaller than the perceptual threshold (temporal masking), but with natural timing variabilities that makes it distinguishable from a computer-generated playback. Routledge 2017-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5706983/ /pubmed/29238387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2017.1355394 Text en © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Hofmann, Alex
Wesolowski, Brian C.
Goebl, Werner
The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance
title The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance
title_full The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance
title_fullStr The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance
title_full_unstemmed The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance
title_short The Tight-interlocked Rhythm Section: Production and Perception of Synchronisation in Jazz Trio Performance
title_sort tight-interlocked rhythm section: production and perception of synchronisation in jazz trio performance
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5706983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29238387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2017.1355394
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