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Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters

Ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing chemicals (UV filters) are used in personal care products for the protection of human skin and hair from damage by UV radiation. Although these substances are released into the environment in the production and consumption processes, little is known about their ecotoxicolo...

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Autores principales: Du, Yang, Wang, Wen-Qian, Pei, Zhou-Tao, Ahmad, Fahmi, Xu, Rou-Rou, Zhang, Yi-Min, Sun, Li-Wei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5708053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29156601
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111414
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author Du, Yang
Wang, Wen-Qian
Pei, Zhou-Tao
Ahmad, Fahmi
Xu, Rou-Rou
Zhang, Yi-Min
Sun, Li-Wei
author_facet Du, Yang
Wang, Wen-Qian
Pei, Zhou-Tao
Ahmad, Fahmi
Xu, Rou-Rou
Zhang, Yi-Min
Sun, Li-Wei
author_sort Du, Yang
collection PubMed
description Ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing chemicals (UV filters) are used in personal care products for the protection of human skin and hair from damage by UV radiation. Although these substances are released into the environment in the production and consumption processes, little is known about their ecotoxicology effects. The acute toxicity and potential ecological risk of UV filters benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and benzophenone-4 (BP-4) on Chlorella vulgaris, Daphnia magna, and Brachydanio rerio were analyzed in the present study. The EC(50) values (96 h) of BP-3 and BP-4 on C. vulgaris were 2.98 and 201.00 mg/L, respectively. The 48 h-LC(50) of BP-3 and BP-4 on D. magna were 1.09 and 47.47 mg/L, respectively. The 96 h-LC(50) of BP-3 and BP-4 on B. rerio were 3.89 and 633.00 mg/L, respectively. The toxicity of a mixture of BP-3 and BP-4 on C. vulgaris, D. magna, and B. rerio all showed antagonistic effects. The induced predicted no-effect concentrations of BP-3 and BP-4 by the assessment factor method were 1.80 × 10(−3) and 0.47 mg/L, respectively, by assessment factor (AF) method, which were both lower than the concentrations detected in the environment at present, verifying that BP-3 and BP-4 remain low-risk chemicals to the aquatic ecosystem.
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spelling pubmed-57080532017-12-05 Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters Du, Yang Wang, Wen-Qian Pei, Zhou-Tao Ahmad, Fahmi Xu, Rou-Rou Zhang, Yi-Min Sun, Li-Wei Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing chemicals (UV filters) are used in personal care products for the protection of human skin and hair from damage by UV radiation. Although these substances are released into the environment in the production and consumption processes, little is known about their ecotoxicology effects. The acute toxicity and potential ecological risk of UV filters benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and benzophenone-4 (BP-4) on Chlorella vulgaris, Daphnia magna, and Brachydanio rerio were analyzed in the present study. The EC(50) values (96 h) of BP-3 and BP-4 on C. vulgaris were 2.98 and 201.00 mg/L, respectively. The 48 h-LC(50) of BP-3 and BP-4 on D. magna were 1.09 and 47.47 mg/L, respectively. The 96 h-LC(50) of BP-3 and BP-4 on B. rerio were 3.89 and 633.00 mg/L, respectively. The toxicity of a mixture of BP-3 and BP-4 on C. vulgaris, D. magna, and B. rerio all showed antagonistic effects. The induced predicted no-effect concentrations of BP-3 and BP-4 by the assessment factor method were 1.80 × 10(−3) and 0.47 mg/L, respectively, by assessment factor (AF) method, which were both lower than the concentrations detected in the environment at present, verifying that BP-3 and BP-4 remain low-risk chemicals to the aquatic ecosystem. MDPI 2017-11-19 2017-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5708053/ /pubmed/29156601 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111414 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Du, Yang
Wang, Wen-Qian
Pei, Zhou-Tao
Ahmad, Fahmi
Xu, Rou-Rou
Zhang, Yi-Min
Sun, Li-Wei
Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters
title Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters
title_full Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters
title_fullStr Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters
title_full_unstemmed Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters
title_short Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters
title_sort acute toxicity and ecological risk assessment of benzophenone-3 (bp-3) and benzophenone-4 (bp-4) in ultraviolet (uv)-filters
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5708053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29156601
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111414
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