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In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases

The high incidence of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis, combined with the growing problems about azole resistance and toxicity of antifungal drugs, highlights the need for the development of new effective strategies for the treatment of this condition. In this context, natural compounds represent promising...

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Autores principales: Marangoni, Antonella, Foschi, Claudio, Micucci, Matteo, Nahui Palomino, Rogers Alberto, Gallina Toschi, Tullia, Vitali, Beatrice, Camarda, Luca, Mandrioli, Mara, De Giorgio, Marta, Aldini, Rita, Corazza, Ivan, Chiarini, Alberto, Cevenini, Roberto, Budriesi, Roberta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5708745/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29190763
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188567
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author Marangoni, Antonella
Foschi, Claudio
Micucci, Matteo
Nahui Palomino, Rogers Alberto
Gallina Toschi, Tullia
Vitali, Beatrice
Camarda, Luca
Mandrioli, Mara
De Giorgio, Marta
Aldini, Rita
Corazza, Ivan
Chiarini, Alberto
Cevenini, Roberto
Budriesi, Roberta
author_facet Marangoni, Antonella
Foschi, Claudio
Micucci, Matteo
Nahui Palomino, Rogers Alberto
Gallina Toschi, Tullia
Vitali, Beatrice
Camarda, Luca
Mandrioli, Mara
De Giorgio, Marta
Aldini, Rita
Corazza, Ivan
Chiarini, Alberto
Cevenini, Roberto
Budriesi, Roberta
author_sort Marangoni, Antonella
collection PubMed
description The high incidence of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis, combined with the growing problems about azole resistance and toxicity of antifungal drugs, highlights the need for the development of new effective strategies for the treatment of this condition. In this context, natural compounds represent promising alternatives. The cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis, a blue-green alga, exhibits antimicrobial activities against several microorganisms. Nevertheless, only few data about the antifungal properties of Spirulina platensis are available and its potential toxic effects have not been largely investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of a fully-characterized water extract of Spirulina platensis against 22 strains of Candida spp. Prior to considering its potential topical use, we both investigated whether the extract exerted target activities on guinea pig uterine smooth muscle, and the impact of Spirulina platensis on the dominant microorganisms of the vaginal microbiota (i.e., lactobacilli), in order to exclude possible adverse events. By means of a broth microdilution assay, we found that the microalga extract possesses good antifungal properties (MIC: 0.125–0.5 mg/ml), against all the Candida species with a fungicidal activity. At the concentrations active against candida, Spirulina platensis did not modify the spontaneous basic waves pattern of uterine myometrium as underlined by the absence of aberrant contractions, and did not affect the main health-promoting bacteria of the vaginal ecosystem. Finally, we evaluated the selectivity index of our extract by testing its cytotoxicity on three different cell lines and it showed values ranging between 2 and 16. Further in vivo studies are needed, in particular to evaluate the use of control-release formulations in order to maintain Spirulina platensis concentrations at anti-Candida active doses but below the toxic levels found in the present work.
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spelling pubmed-57087452017-12-15 In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases Marangoni, Antonella Foschi, Claudio Micucci, Matteo Nahui Palomino, Rogers Alberto Gallina Toschi, Tullia Vitali, Beatrice Camarda, Luca Mandrioli, Mara De Giorgio, Marta Aldini, Rita Corazza, Ivan Chiarini, Alberto Cevenini, Roberto Budriesi, Roberta PLoS One Research Article The high incidence of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis, combined with the growing problems about azole resistance and toxicity of antifungal drugs, highlights the need for the development of new effective strategies for the treatment of this condition. In this context, natural compounds represent promising alternatives. The cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis, a blue-green alga, exhibits antimicrobial activities against several microorganisms. Nevertheless, only few data about the antifungal properties of Spirulina platensis are available and its potential toxic effects have not been largely investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of a fully-characterized water extract of Spirulina platensis against 22 strains of Candida spp. Prior to considering its potential topical use, we both investigated whether the extract exerted target activities on guinea pig uterine smooth muscle, and the impact of Spirulina platensis on the dominant microorganisms of the vaginal microbiota (i.e., lactobacilli), in order to exclude possible adverse events. By means of a broth microdilution assay, we found that the microalga extract possesses good antifungal properties (MIC: 0.125–0.5 mg/ml), against all the Candida species with a fungicidal activity. At the concentrations active against candida, Spirulina platensis did not modify the spontaneous basic waves pattern of uterine myometrium as underlined by the absence of aberrant contractions, and did not affect the main health-promoting bacteria of the vaginal ecosystem. Finally, we evaluated the selectivity index of our extract by testing its cytotoxicity on three different cell lines and it showed values ranging between 2 and 16. Further in vivo studies are needed, in particular to evaluate the use of control-release formulations in order to maintain Spirulina platensis concentrations at anti-Candida active doses but below the toxic levels found in the present work. Public Library of Science 2017-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5708745/ /pubmed/29190763 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188567 Text en © 2017 Marangoni et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Marangoni, Antonella
Foschi, Claudio
Micucci, Matteo
Nahui Palomino, Rogers Alberto
Gallina Toschi, Tullia
Vitali, Beatrice
Camarda, Luca
Mandrioli, Mara
De Giorgio, Marta
Aldini, Rita
Corazza, Ivan
Chiarini, Alberto
Cevenini, Roberto
Budriesi, Roberta
In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
title In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
title_full In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
title_fullStr In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
title_full_unstemmed In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
title_short In vitro activity of Spirulina platensis water extract against different Candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
title_sort in vitro activity of spirulina platensis water extract against different candida species isolated from vulvo-vaginal candidiasis cases
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5708745/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29190763
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188567
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