Cargando…

Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics

Epilepsy afflicts up to 1.6% of the population and the mechanisms underlying the appearance of seizures are still not understood. In past years, many efforts have been spent trying to understand the mechanisms underlying the excessive and synchronous firing of neurons. Traditionally, attention was p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bazzigaluppi, Paolo, Ebrahim Amini, Azin, Weisspapir, Iliya, Stefanovic, Bojana, Carlen, Peter L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713239/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29143800
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112269
_version_ 1783283377438195712
author Bazzigaluppi, Paolo
Ebrahim Amini, Azin
Weisspapir, Iliya
Stefanovic, Bojana
Carlen, Peter L.
author_facet Bazzigaluppi, Paolo
Ebrahim Amini, Azin
Weisspapir, Iliya
Stefanovic, Bojana
Carlen, Peter L.
author_sort Bazzigaluppi, Paolo
collection PubMed
description Epilepsy afflicts up to 1.6% of the population and the mechanisms underlying the appearance of seizures are still not understood. In past years, many efforts have been spent trying to understand the mechanisms underlying the excessive and synchronous firing of neurons. Traditionally, attention was pointed towards synaptic (dys)function and extracellular ionic species (dys)regulation. Recently, novel clinical and preclinical studies explored the role of brain metabolism (i.e., glucose utilization) of seizures pathophysiology revealing (in most cases) reduced metabolism in the inter-ictal period and increased metabolism in the seconds preceding and during the appearance of seizures. In the present review, we summarize the clinical and preclinical observations showing metabolic dysregulation during epileptogenesis, seizure initiation, and termination, and in the inter-ictal period. Recent preclinical studies have shown that 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG, a glycolysis blocker) is a novel therapeutic approach to reduce seizures. Furthermore, we present initial evidence for the effectiveness of 2-DG in arresting 4-Aminopyridine induced neocortical seizures in vivo in the mouse.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5713239
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-57132392017-12-07 Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics Bazzigaluppi, Paolo Ebrahim Amini, Azin Weisspapir, Iliya Stefanovic, Bojana Carlen, Peter L. Int J Mol Sci Review Epilepsy afflicts up to 1.6% of the population and the mechanisms underlying the appearance of seizures are still not understood. In past years, many efforts have been spent trying to understand the mechanisms underlying the excessive and synchronous firing of neurons. Traditionally, attention was pointed towards synaptic (dys)function and extracellular ionic species (dys)regulation. Recently, novel clinical and preclinical studies explored the role of brain metabolism (i.e., glucose utilization) of seizures pathophysiology revealing (in most cases) reduced metabolism in the inter-ictal period and increased metabolism in the seconds preceding and during the appearance of seizures. In the present review, we summarize the clinical and preclinical observations showing metabolic dysregulation during epileptogenesis, seizure initiation, and termination, and in the inter-ictal period. Recent preclinical studies have shown that 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG, a glycolysis blocker) is a novel therapeutic approach to reduce seizures. Furthermore, we present initial evidence for the effectiveness of 2-DG in arresting 4-Aminopyridine induced neocortical seizures in vivo in the mouse. MDPI 2017-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5713239/ /pubmed/29143800 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112269 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bazzigaluppi, Paolo
Ebrahim Amini, Azin
Weisspapir, Iliya
Stefanovic, Bojana
Carlen, Peter L.
Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics
title Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics
title_full Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics
title_fullStr Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics
title_full_unstemmed Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics
title_short Hungry Neurons: Metabolic Insights on Seizure Dynamics
title_sort hungry neurons: metabolic insights on seizure dynamics
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713239/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29143800
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112269
work_keys_str_mv AT bazzigaluppipaolo hungryneuronsmetabolicinsightsonseizuredynamics
AT ebrahimaminiazin hungryneuronsmetabolicinsightsonseizuredynamics
AT weisspapiriliya hungryneuronsmetabolicinsightsonseizuredynamics
AT stefanovicbojana hungryneuronsmetabolicinsightsonseizuredynamics
AT carlenpeterl hungryneuronsmetabolicinsightsonseizuredynamics