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Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution

Coordination of plant development requires modulation of growth responses that are under control of the phytohormone auxin. PIN-FORMED plasma membrane proteins, involved in intercellular transport of the growth regulator, are key to the transmission of such auxin signals and subject to multilevel su...

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Autores principales: Retzer, Katarzyna, Lacek, Jozef, Skokan, Roman, del Genio, Charo I., Vosolsobě, Stanislav, Laňková, Martina, Malínská, Kateřina, Konstantinova, Nataliia, Zažímalová, Eva, Napier, Richard M., Petrášek, Jan, Luschnig, Christian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29109378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112274
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author Retzer, Katarzyna
Lacek, Jozef
Skokan, Roman
del Genio, Charo I.
Vosolsobě, Stanislav
Laňková, Martina
Malínská, Kateřina
Konstantinova, Nataliia
Zažímalová, Eva
Napier, Richard M.
Petrášek, Jan
Luschnig, Christian
author_facet Retzer, Katarzyna
Lacek, Jozef
Skokan, Roman
del Genio, Charo I.
Vosolsobě, Stanislav
Laňková, Martina
Malínská, Kateřina
Konstantinova, Nataliia
Zažímalová, Eva
Napier, Richard M.
Petrášek, Jan
Luschnig, Christian
author_sort Retzer, Katarzyna
collection PubMed
description Coordination of plant development requires modulation of growth responses that are under control of the phytohormone auxin. PIN-FORMED plasma membrane proteins, involved in intercellular transport of the growth regulator, are key to the transmission of such auxin signals and subject to multilevel surveillance mechanisms, including reversible post-translational modifications. Apart from well-studied PIN protein modifications, namely phosphorylation and ubiquitylation, no further post-translational modifications have been described so far. Here, we focused on root-specific Arabidopsis PIN2 and explored functional implications of two evolutionary conserved cysteines, by a combination of in silico and molecular approaches. PIN2 sequence alignments and modeling predictions indicated that both cysteines are facing the cytoplasm and therefore would be accessible to redox status-controlled modifications. Notably, mutant pin2(C−A) alleles retained functionality, demonstrated by their ability to almost completely rescue defects of a pin2 null allele, whereas high resolution analysis of pin2(C−A) localization revealed increased intracellular accumulation, and altered protein distribution within plasma membrane micro-domains. The observed effects of cysteine replacements on root growth and PIN2 localization are consistent with a model in which redox status-dependent cysteine modifications participate in the regulation of PIN2 mobility, thereby fine-tuning polar auxin transport.
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spelling pubmed-57132442017-12-07 Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution Retzer, Katarzyna Lacek, Jozef Skokan, Roman del Genio, Charo I. Vosolsobě, Stanislav Laňková, Martina Malínská, Kateřina Konstantinova, Nataliia Zažímalová, Eva Napier, Richard M. Petrášek, Jan Luschnig, Christian Int J Mol Sci Article Coordination of plant development requires modulation of growth responses that are under control of the phytohormone auxin. PIN-FORMED plasma membrane proteins, involved in intercellular transport of the growth regulator, are key to the transmission of such auxin signals and subject to multilevel surveillance mechanisms, including reversible post-translational modifications. Apart from well-studied PIN protein modifications, namely phosphorylation and ubiquitylation, no further post-translational modifications have been described so far. Here, we focused on root-specific Arabidopsis PIN2 and explored functional implications of two evolutionary conserved cysteines, by a combination of in silico and molecular approaches. PIN2 sequence alignments and modeling predictions indicated that both cysteines are facing the cytoplasm and therefore would be accessible to redox status-controlled modifications. Notably, mutant pin2(C−A) alleles retained functionality, demonstrated by their ability to almost completely rescue defects of a pin2 null allele, whereas high resolution analysis of pin2(C−A) localization revealed increased intracellular accumulation, and altered protein distribution within plasma membrane micro-domains. The observed effects of cysteine replacements on root growth and PIN2 localization are consistent with a model in which redox status-dependent cysteine modifications participate in the regulation of PIN2 mobility, thereby fine-tuning polar auxin transport. MDPI 2017-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5713244/ /pubmed/29109378 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112274 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Retzer, Katarzyna
Lacek, Jozef
Skokan, Roman
del Genio, Charo I.
Vosolsobě, Stanislav
Laňková, Martina
Malínská, Kateřina
Konstantinova, Nataliia
Zažímalová, Eva
Napier, Richard M.
Petrášek, Jan
Luschnig, Christian
Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution
title Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution
title_full Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution
title_fullStr Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution
title_full_unstemmed Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution
title_short Evolutionary Conserved Cysteines Function as cis-Acting Regulators of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED 2 Distribution
title_sort evolutionary conserved cysteines function as cis-acting regulators of arabidopsis pin-formed 2 distribution
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29109378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112274
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