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Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis
Mounting evidence indicates that early-life exposure to particulate air pollutants pose threats to children’s cognitive development, but studies about the neurotoxic effects associated with exposures during adolescence remain unclear. We examined whether exposure to ambient fine particles (PM(2.5))...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5716576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29206872 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188731 |
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author | Wang, Pan Tuvblad, Catherine Younan, Diana Franklin, Meredith Lurmann, Fred Wu, Jun Baker, Laura A. Chen, Jiu-Chiuan |
author_facet | Wang, Pan Tuvblad, Catherine Younan, Diana Franklin, Meredith Lurmann, Fred Wu, Jun Baker, Laura A. Chen, Jiu-Chiuan |
author_sort | Wang, Pan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mounting evidence indicates that early-life exposure to particulate air pollutants pose threats to children’s cognitive development, but studies about the neurotoxic effects associated with exposures during adolescence remain unclear. We examined whether exposure to ambient fine particles (PM(2.5)) at residential locations affects intelligence quotient (IQ) during pre-/early- adolescence (ages 9–11) and emerging adulthood (ages 18–20) in a demographically-diverse population (N = 1,360) residing in Southern California. Increased ambient PM(2.5) levels were associated with decreased IQ scores. This association was more evident for Performance IQ (PIQ), but less for Verbal IQ, assessed by the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. For each inter-quartile (7.73 μg/m(3)) increase in one-year PM(2.5) preceding each assessment, the average PIQ score decreased by 3.08 points (95% confidence interval = [-6.04, -0.12]) accounting for within-family/within-individual correlations, demographic characteristics, family socioeconomic status (SES), parents’ cognitive abilities, neighborhood characteristics, and other spatial confounders. The adverse effect was 150% greater in low SES families and 89% stronger in males, compared to their counterparts. Better understanding of the social disparities and sexual dimorphism in the adverse PM(2.5)–IQ effects may help elucidate the underlying mechanisms and shed light on prevention strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5716576 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57165762017-12-15 Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis Wang, Pan Tuvblad, Catherine Younan, Diana Franklin, Meredith Lurmann, Fred Wu, Jun Baker, Laura A. Chen, Jiu-Chiuan PLoS One Research Article Mounting evidence indicates that early-life exposure to particulate air pollutants pose threats to children’s cognitive development, but studies about the neurotoxic effects associated with exposures during adolescence remain unclear. We examined whether exposure to ambient fine particles (PM(2.5)) at residential locations affects intelligence quotient (IQ) during pre-/early- adolescence (ages 9–11) and emerging adulthood (ages 18–20) in a demographically-diverse population (N = 1,360) residing in Southern California. Increased ambient PM(2.5) levels were associated with decreased IQ scores. This association was more evident for Performance IQ (PIQ), but less for Verbal IQ, assessed by the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. For each inter-quartile (7.73 μg/m(3)) increase in one-year PM(2.5) preceding each assessment, the average PIQ score decreased by 3.08 points (95% confidence interval = [-6.04, -0.12]) accounting for within-family/within-individual correlations, demographic characteristics, family socioeconomic status (SES), parents’ cognitive abilities, neighborhood characteristics, and other spatial confounders. The adverse effect was 150% greater in low SES families and 89% stronger in males, compared to their counterparts. Better understanding of the social disparities and sexual dimorphism in the adverse PM(2.5)–IQ effects may help elucidate the underlying mechanisms and shed light on prevention strategies. Public Library of Science 2017-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5716576/ /pubmed/29206872 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188731 Text en © 2017 Wang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wang, Pan Tuvblad, Catherine Younan, Diana Franklin, Meredith Lurmann, Fred Wu, Jun Baker, Laura A. Chen, Jiu-Chiuan Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis |
title | Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis |
title_full | Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis |
title_fullStr | Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis |
title_short | Socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth IQ: A longitudinal analysis |
title_sort | socioeconomic disparities and sexual dimorphism in neurotoxic effects of ambient fine particles on youth iq: a longitudinal analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5716576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29206872 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188731 |
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