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Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?

Recent clinical, genetic and biochemical experimental evidences highlight the existence of common molecular pathways underlying neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will explore a key common pathological mechanism, i.e., the loss of neuroprotective factors, across the three major neurodege...

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Autores principales: Benussi, Luisa, Binetti, Giuliano, Ghidoni, Roberta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5717017/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29249935
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00672
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author Benussi, Luisa
Binetti, Giuliano
Ghidoni, Roberta
author_facet Benussi, Luisa
Binetti, Giuliano
Ghidoni, Roberta
author_sort Benussi, Luisa
collection PubMed
description Recent clinical, genetic and biochemical experimental evidences highlight the existence of common molecular pathways underlying neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will explore a key common pathological mechanism, i.e., the loss of neuroprotective factors, across the three major neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). We will report evidences that the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), the most investigated and characterized brain neurotrophin, progranulin, a multi-functional adipokine with trophic and growth factor properties, and cystatin C, a neuroprotective growth factor, are reduced in AD, FTD, and LBD. Moreover, we will review the molecular mechanism underlying the loss of neuroprotective factors in neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia, with a special focus on endo-lysosomal pathway and intercellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles. Exploring the shared commonality of disease mechanisms is of pivotal importance to identify novel potential therapeutic targets and to develop treatments to delay, slow or block disease progression.
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spelling pubmed-57170172017-12-15 Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point? Benussi, Luisa Binetti, Giuliano Ghidoni, Roberta Front Neurosci Neuroscience Recent clinical, genetic and biochemical experimental evidences highlight the existence of common molecular pathways underlying neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will explore a key common pathological mechanism, i.e., the loss of neuroprotective factors, across the three major neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). We will report evidences that the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), the most investigated and characterized brain neurotrophin, progranulin, a multi-functional adipokine with trophic and growth factor properties, and cystatin C, a neuroprotective growth factor, are reduced in AD, FTD, and LBD. Moreover, we will review the molecular mechanism underlying the loss of neuroprotective factors in neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia, with a special focus on endo-lysosomal pathway and intercellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles. Exploring the shared commonality of disease mechanisms is of pivotal importance to identify novel potential therapeutic targets and to develop treatments to delay, slow or block disease progression. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5717017/ /pubmed/29249935 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00672 Text en Copyright © 2017 Benussi, Binetti and Ghidoni. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Benussi, Luisa
Binetti, Giuliano
Ghidoni, Roberta
Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?
title Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?
title_full Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?
title_fullStr Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?
title_full_unstemmed Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?
title_short Loss of Neuroprotective Factors in Neurodegenerative Dementias: The End or the Starting Point?
title_sort loss of neuroprotective factors in neurodegenerative dementias: the end or the starting point?
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5717017/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29249935
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00672
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