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Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design

The unprecedented challenges of developing effective vaccines against intracellular pathogens such as HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis have resulted in more rational approaches to vaccine development. Apart from the recent advances in the design and selection of improved epitopes and adjuvants, there...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Alayo, Quazim A., Provine, Nicholas M., Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5717324/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29242831
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00415-17
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author Alayo, Quazim A.
Provine, Nicholas M.
Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo
author_facet Alayo, Quazim A.
Provine, Nicholas M.
Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo
author_sort Alayo, Quazim A.
collection PubMed
description The unprecedented challenges of developing effective vaccines against intracellular pathogens such as HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis have resulted in more rational approaches to vaccine development. Apart from the recent advances in the design and selection of improved epitopes and adjuvants, there are also ongoing efforts to optimize delivery platforms. Viral vectors are the best-characterized delivery tools because of their intrinsic adjuvant capability, unique cellular tropism, and ability to trigger robust adaptive immune responses. However, a known limitation of viral vectors is preexisting immunity, and ongoing efforts are aimed at developing novel vector platforms with lower seroprevalence. It is also becoming increasingly clear that different vectors, even those derived from phylogenetically similar viruses, can elicit substantially distinct immune responses, in terms of quantity, quality, and location, which can ultimately affect immune protection. This review provides a summary of the status of viral vector development for HIV vaccines, with a particular focus on novel viral vectors and the types of adaptive immune responses that they induce.
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spelling pubmed-57173242017-12-14 Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design Alayo, Quazim A. Provine, Nicholas M. Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo mSphere Minireview The unprecedented challenges of developing effective vaccines against intracellular pathogens such as HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis have resulted in more rational approaches to vaccine development. Apart from the recent advances in the design and selection of improved epitopes and adjuvants, there are also ongoing efforts to optimize delivery platforms. Viral vectors are the best-characterized delivery tools because of their intrinsic adjuvant capability, unique cellular tropism, and ability to trigger robust adaptive immune responses. However, a known limitation of viral vectors is preexisting immunity, and ongoing efforts are aimed at developing novel vector platforms with lower seroprevalence. It is also becoming increasingly clear that different vectors, even those derived from phylogenetically similar viruses, can elicit substantially distinct immune responses, in terms of quantity, quality, and location, which can ultimately affect immune protection. This review provides a summary of the status of viral vector development for HIV vaccines, with a particular focus on novel viral vectors and the types of adaptive immune responses that they induce. American Society for Microbiology 2017-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5717324/ /pubmed/29242831 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00415-17 Text en Copyright © 2017 Alayo et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Minireview
Alayo, Quazim A.
Provine, Nicholas M.
Penaloza-MacMaster, Pablo
Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
title Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
title_full Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
title_fullStr Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
title_full_unstemmed Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
title_short Novel Concepts for HIV Vaccine Vector Design
title_sort novel concepts for hiv vaccine vector design
topic Minireview
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5717324/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29242831
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00415-17
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