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US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems
This review provides an overview of the changing US epidemiology of cannabis use and associated problems. Adults and adolescents increasingly view cannabis as harmless, and some can use cannabis without harm. However, potential problems include harms from prenatal exposure and unintentional childhoo...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719106/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28853439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.198 |
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author | Hasin, Deborah S |
author_facet | Hasin, Deborah S |
author_sort | Hasin, Deborah S |
collection | PubMed |
description | This review provides an overview of the changing US epidemiology of cannabis use and associated problems. Adults and adolescents increasingly view cannabis as harmless, and some can use cannabis without harm. However, potential problems include harms from prenatal exposure and unintentional childhood exposure; decline in educational or occupational functioning after early adolescent use, and in adulthood, impaired driving and vehicle crashes; cannabis use disorders (CUD), cannabis withdrawal, and psychiatric comorbidity. Evidence suggests national increases in cannabis potency, prenatal and unintentional childhood exposure; and in adults, increased use, CUD, cannabis-related emergency room visits, and fatal vehicle crashes. Twenty-nine states have medical marijuana laws (MMLs) and of these, 8 have recreational marijuana laws (RMLs). Many studies indicate that MMLs or their specific provisions did not increase adolescent cannabis use. However, the more limited literature suggests that MMLs have led to increased cannabis potency, unintentional childhood exposures, adult cannabis use, and adult CUD. Ecological-level studies suggest that MMLs have led to substitution of cannabis for opioids, and also possibly for psychiatric medications. Much remains to be determined about cannabis trends and the role of MMLs and RMLs in these trends. The public, health professionals, and policy makers would benefit from education about the risks of cannabis use, the increases in such risks, and the role of marijuana laws in these increases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5719106 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57191062018-01-01 US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems Hasin, Deborah S Neuropsychopharmacology Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews This review provides an overview of the changing US epidemiology of cannabis use and associated problems. Adults and adolescents increasingly view cannabis as harmless, and some can use cannabis without harm. However, potential problems include harms from prenatal exposure and unintentional childhood exposure; decline in educational or occupational functioning after early adolescent use, and in adulthood, impaired driving and vehicle crashes; cannabis use disorders (CUD), cannabis withdrawal, and psychiatric comorbidity. Evidence suggests national increases in cannabis potency, prenatal and unintentional childhood exposure; and in adults, increased use, CUD, cannabis-related emergency room visits, and fatal vehicle crashes. Twenty-nine states have medical marijuana laws (MMLs) and of these, 8 have recreational marijuana laws (RMLs). Many studies indicate that MMLs or their specific provisions did not increase adolescent cannabis use. However, the more limited literature suggests that MMLs have led to increased cannabis potency, unintentional childhood exposures, adult cannabis use, and adult CUD. Ecological-level studies suggest that MMLs have led to substitution of cannabis for opioids, and also possibly for psychiatric medications. Much remains to be determined about cannabis trends and the role of MMLs and RMLs in these trends. The public, health professionals, and policy makers would benefit from education about the risks of cannabis use, the increases in such risks, and the role of marijuana laws in these increases. Nature Publishing Group 2018-01 2017-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5719106/ /pubmed/28853439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.198 Text en Copyright © 2018 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews Hasin, Deborah S US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems |
title | US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems |
title_full | US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems |
title_fullStr | US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems |
title_full_unstemmed | US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems |
title_short | US Epidemiology of Cannabis Use and Associated Problems |
title_sort | us epidemiology of cannabis use and associated problems |
topic | Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5719106/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28853439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.198 |
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