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Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion

STUDY DESIGN: Review of literature. OBJECTIVES: This review of literature investigates the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spinal fusion, highlights potential uses in the development of bone grafts, and discusses limitations based on both preclinical and clinical models. METHODS: A r...

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Autores principales: Robbins, Michael A., Haudenschild, Dominik R., Wegner, Adam M., Klineberg, Eric O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5721996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29238646
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568217701102
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author Robbins, Michael A.
Haudenschild, Dominik R.
Wegner, Adam M.
Klineberg, Eric O.
author_facet Robbins, Michael A.
Haudenschild, Dominik R.
Wegner, Adam M.
Klineberg, Eric O.
author_sort Robbins, Michael A.
collection PubMed
description STUDY DESIGN: Review of literature. OBJECTIVES: This review of literature investigates the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spinal fusion, highlights potential uses in the development of bone grafts, and discusses limitations based on both preclinical and clinical models. METHODS: A review of literature was conducted looking at current studies using stem cells for augmentation of spinal fusion in both animal and human models. RESULTS: Eleven preclinical studies were found that used various animal models. Average fusion rates across studies were 59.8% for autograft and 73.7% for stem cell–based grafts. Outcomes included manual palpation and stressing of the fusion, radiography, micro–computed tomography (μCT), and histological analysis. Fifteen clinical studies, 7 prospective and 8 retrospective, were found. Fusion rates ranged from 60% to 100%, averaging 87.1% in experimental groups and 87.2% in autograft control groups. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that there is minimal clinical difference between commercially available stem cells and bone marrow aspirates indicating that MSCs may be a good choice in a patient with poor marrow quality. Overcoming morbidity and limitations of autograft for spinal fusion, remains a significant problem for spinal surgeons and further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of stem cells in augmenting spinal fusion.
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spelling pubmed-57219962017-12-13 Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion Robbins, Michael A. Haudenschild, Dominik R. Wegner, Adam M. Klineberg, Eric O. Global Spine J Review Articles STUDY DESIGN: Review of literature. OBJECTIVES: This review of literature investigates the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in spinal fusion, highlights potential uses in the development of bone grafts, and discusses limitations based on both preclinical and clinical models. METHODS: A review of literature was conducted looking at current studies using stem cells for augmentation of spinal fusion in both animal and human models. RESULTS: Eleven preclinical studies were found that used various animal models. Average fusion rates across studies were 59.8% for autograft and 73.7% for stem cell–based grafts. Outcomes included manual palpation and stressing of the fusion, radiography, micro–computed tomography (μCT), and histological analysis. Fifteen clinical studies, 7 prospective and 8 retrospective, were found. Fusion rates ranged from 60% to 100%, averaging 87.1% in experimental groups and 87.2% in autograft control groups. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that there is minimal clinical difference between commercially available stem cells and bone marrow aspirates indicating that MSCs may be a good choice in a patient with poor marrow quality. Overcoming morbidity and limitations of autograft for spinal fusion, remains a significant problem for spinal surgeons and further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of stem cells in augmenting spinal fusion. SAGE Publications 2017-09-01 2017-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5721996/ /pubmed/29238646 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568217701102 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review Articles
Robbins, Michael A.
Haudenschild, Dominik R.
Wegner, Adam M.
Klineberg, Eric O.
Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion
title Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion
title_full Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion
title_fullStr Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion
title_full_unstemmed Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion
title_short Stem Cells in Spinal Fusion
title_sort stem cells in spinal fusion
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5721996/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29238646
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568217701102
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