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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic and heterogeneous disorder that leads to early mortality, stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). OSA is defined by the apnea–hypopnea index, which is an index of OSA severity that combines apneas (pauses in breathing) and hypopneas (partial obstructions...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5723309/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29259576 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00659 |
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author | Ramos, Alberto R. Figueredo, Pedro Shafazand, Shirin Chediak, Alejandro D. Abreu, Alexandre R. Dib, Salim I. Torre, Carlos Wallace, Douglas M. |
author_facet | Ramos, Alberto R. Figueredo, Pedro Shafazand, Shirin Chediak, Alejandro D. Abreu, Alexandre R. Dib, Salim I. Torre, Carlos Wallace, Douglas M. |
author_sort | Ramos, Alberto R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic and heterogeneous disorder that leads to early mortality, stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). OSA is defined by the apnea–hypopnea index, which is an index of OSA severity that combines apneas (pauses in breathing) and hypopneas (partial obstructions in breathing) associated with hypoxemia. Yet, other sleep metrics (i.e., oxygen nadir, arousal frequency), along with clinical symptoms and molecular markers could be better predictors of stroke and CVD outcomes in OSA. The recent focus on personalized medical care introduces the possibility of a unique approach to the treatment of OSA based on its phenotypes, defined by pathophysiological mechanisms and/or clinical presentation. We summarized what is known about OSA and its phenotypes, and review the literature on factors or intermediate markers that could increase stroke risk and CVD in patients with OSA. The OSA phenotypes where divided across three different domains (1) clinical symptoms (i.e., daytime sleepiness), (2) genetic/molecular markers, and (3) experimental data-driven approach (e.g., cluster analysis). Finally, we further highlight gaps in the literature framing a research agenda. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5723309 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57233092017-12-19 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review Ramos, Alberto R. Figueredo, Pedro Shafazand, Shirin Chediak, Alejandro D. Abreu, Alexandre R. Dib, Salim I. Torre, Carlos Wallace, Douglas M. Front Neurol Neuroscience Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic and heterogeneous disorder that leads to early mortality, stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). OSA is defined by the apnea–hypopnea index, which is an index of OSA severity that combines apneas (pauses in breathing) and hypopneas (partial obstructions in breathing) associated with hypoxemia. Yet, other sleep metrics (i.e., oxygen nadir, arousal frequency), along with clinical symptoms and molecular markers could be better predictors of stroke and CVD outcomes in OSA. The recent focus on personalized medical care introduces the possibility of a unique approach to the treatment of OSA based on its phenotypes, defined by pathophysiological mechanisms and/or clinical presentation. We summarized what is known about OSA and its phenotypes, and review the literature on factors or intermediate markers that could increase stroke risk and CVD in patients with OSA. The OSA phenotypes where divided across three different domains (1) clinical symptoms (i.e., daytime sleepiness), (2) genetic/molecular markers, and (3) experimental data-driven approach (e.g., cluster analysis). Finally, we further highlight gaps in the literature framing a research agenda. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5723309/ /pubmed/29259576 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00659 Text en Copyright © 2017 Ramos, Figueredo, Shafazand, Chediak, Abreu, Dib, Torre and Wallace. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Ramos, Alberto R. Figueredo, Pedro Shafazand, Shirin Chediak, Alejandro D. Abreu, Alexandre R. Dib, Salim I. Torre, Carlos Wallace, Douglas M. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review |
title | Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review |
title_full | Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review |
title_fullStr | Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review |
title_short | Obstructive Sleep Apnea Phenotypes and Markers of Vascular Disease: A Review |
title_sort | obstructive sleep apnea phenotypes and markers of vascular disease: a review |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5723309/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29259576 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00659 |
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