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Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Anemia is defined as a condition in which there is less than the normal hemoglobin (Hb) level in the body. During pregnancy; iron deficiency is associated with multiple adverse outcomes for both mother and infant. Most of the studies conducted in Ethiopia on anemia during pregnancy were...

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Autores principales: Lebso, Meaza, Anato, Anchamo, Loha, Eskindir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5724831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29228009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188783
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author Lebso, Meaza
Anato, Anchamo
Loha, Eskindir
author_facet Lebso, Meaza
Anato, Anchamo
Loha, Eskindir
author_sort Lebso, Meaza
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Anemia is defined as a condition in which there is less than the normal hemoglobin (Hb) level in the body. During pregnancy; iron deficiency is associated with multiple adverse outcomes for both mother and infant. Most of the studies conducted in Ethiopia on anemia during pregnancy were conducted at institution level and associated factors are not well studied and documented. Independent factors like, food security status, dietary diversity and intestinal parasites infection were considered by only a few of them. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Lemo District, Southern Ethiopia. METHODS: Community based cross- sectional study was conducted from May-June 2015. Multistage sampling was used to include 507 study participants. Anaemia was diagnosed using HemoCue HB 301 and haemoglobin concentration <11 g/dl was classified as anaemic. Stool examinations were also done. Structured questionnaire was used as a tool to collect sociodemographic characteristics, individual dietary diversity and level of household food security data. Multivariate logistic regression model was employed to determine the effect of explanatory variables like level of education, level of household food security, dietary diversity, trimester of pregnancy, family planning before pregnancy, deworming, gravidity, iron intake in current pregnancy and soil transmitted helminthes on dependent variable anemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was 23.2% (95% CI: 19.5%-26.9%). Factors associated with anemia were: low socio-economic status (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.11–3.69), trimester second (AOR = 3.09, 95%CI: 1.41–6.79) and third (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.67–8.08), gravidity three to five (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.03–3.07) and six and above (AOR = 2.59, 95%CI: 1.37–4.92), not supplemented with iron (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.02–2.91), low dietary diversity score (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.37–7.37) and hookworm infection (AOR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.34–5.39). CONCLUSION: Anemia has moderate public health significance in the area. Community-based interventions should be enhanced considering the identified associated factors.
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spelling pubmed-57248312017-12-15 Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study Lebso, Meaza Anato, Anchamo Loha, Eskindir PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Anemia is defined as a condition in which there is less than the normal hemoglobin (Hb) level in the body. During pregnancy; iron deficiency is associated with multiple adverse outcomes for both mother and infant. Most of the studies conducted in Ethiopia on anemia during pregnancy were conducted at institution level and associated factors are not well studied and documented. Independent factors like, food security status, dietary diversity and intestinal parasites infection were considered by only a few of them. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Lemo District, Southern Ethiopia. METHODS: Community based cross- sectional study was conducted from May-June 2015. Multistage sampling was used to include 507 study participants. Anaemia was diagnosed using HemoCue HB 301 and haemoglobin concentration <11 g/dl was classified as anaemic. Stool examinations were also done. Structured questionnaire was used as a tool to collect sociodemographic characteristics, individual dietary diversity and level of household food security data. Multivariate logistic regression model was employed to determine the effect of explanatory variables like level of education, level of household food security, dietary diversity, trimester of pregnancy, family planning before pregnancy, deworming, gravidity, iron intake in current pregnancy and soil transmitted helminthes on dependent variable anemia. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was 23.2% (95% CI: 19.5%-26.9%). Factors associated with anemia were: low socio-economic status (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.11–3.69), trimester second (AOR = 3.09, 95%CI: 1.41–6.79) and third (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.67–8.08), gravidity three to five (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.03–3.07) and six and above (AOR = 2.59, 95%CI: 1.37–4.92), not supplemented with iron (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.02–2.91), low dietary diversity score (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.37–7.37) and hookworm infection (AOR = 2.69, 95%CI: 1.34–5.39). CONCLUSION: Anemia has moderate public health significance in the area. Community-based interventions should be enhanced considering the identified associated factors. Public Library of Science 2017-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5724831/ /pubmed/29228009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188783 Text en © 2017 Lebso et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lebso, Meaza
Anato, Anchamo
Loha, Eskindir
Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
title Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
title_full Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
title_short Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in Southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
title_sort prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in southern ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5724831/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29228009
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188783
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