The feasibility of a search filter for the adverse effects of nondrug interventions in MEDLINE and Embase

Authors and indexers are increasingly including terms for adverse drug effects in the titles, abstracts, or indexing of records in MEDLINE and Embase. However, it is not clear if this is the same for studies with nondrug adverse effects data. We therefore assessed the feasibility of using adverse effects terms when searching MEDLINE or Embase to retrieve papers of nondrug adverse effects. A collection of papers that reported data on nondrug adverse effects was sought from included studies of systematic reviews. Each included study was analysed to ascertain whether the corresponding record in MEDLINE and Embase included adverse effects terms in the title, abstract, or indexing. From 9129 records screened from DARE, 30 reviews evaluating nondrug adverse effects met our inclusion criteria. From these, 635 unique papers were included in our analysis. Sensitive searches for adverse effects required generic and specific named adverse effects terms using the title, abstract, and indexing. Records relating to surgical interventions were more likely to contain adverse effects terms than records relating to nonsurgical interventions. Using any adverse effects terms in the title, abstract or indexing in MEDLINE and Embase would have identified an average of 94% of papers on surgical adverse effect interventions per systematic review and 72% of papers on nonsurgical adverse effects per systematic review. Hence, while a generic nondrug adverse effect search filter may not yet be feasible, a filter for the adverse effects of surgical interventions may be within reach.