Cargando…

Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite

An increased blood trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has emerged as a marker of cardiovascular mortality, however, the mechanisms of the increase are not clear. We evaluated if hypertension was associated with changes in the colon permeability to trimethylamine (TMA), a TMAO precursor. We did experiment...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jaworska, Kinga, Huc, Tomasz, Samborowska, Emilia, Dobrowolski, Leszek, Bielinska, Klaudia, Gawlak, Maciej, Ufnal, Marcin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5728578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29236735
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189310
_version_ 1783286050232205312
author Jaworska, Kinga
Huc, Tomasz
Samborowska, Emilia
Dobrowolski, Leszek
Bielinska, Klaudia
Gawlak, Maciej
Ufnal, Marcin
author_facet Jaworska, Kinga
Huc, Tomasz
Samborowska, Emilia
Dobrowolski, Leszek
Bielinska, Klaudia
Gawlak, Maciej
Ufnal, Marcin
author_sort Jaworska, Kinga
collection PubMed
description An increased blood trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has emerged as a marker of cardiovascular mortality, however, the mechanisms of the increase are not clear. We evaluated if hypertension was associated with changes in the colon permeability to trimethylamine (TMA), a TMAO precursor. We did experiments on male, 24-26-week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and SHR treated with enalapril, an antihypertensive drug (SHR-E). To check the colon permeability and liver TMA clearance, blood was collected from the portal vein and hepatic veins confluence, at baseline and after the intracolonic administration of TMA. Arterial blood pressure (BP) and intestinal blood flow (IBF) recordings and histological assessment of the colon were performed. SHR showed an increased gut-blood barrier permeability to TMA. Namely, at baseline SHR had a higher BP and portal blood TMA, but a lower IBF than WKY. After the intracolonic administration of TMA, SHR had a significantly higher portal blood TMA and higher TMA liver clearance than WKY. In SHR the arteriolar walls of the colon mucosa were significantly thicker than in WKY. Furthermore, SHR showed a significant decrease in the height of the mucosa. In contrast, SHR-E had lower portal blood TMA, lower BP and smaller thickness of arteriolar walls, but higher IBF than SHR, which indicates improved function of the gut-blood barrier in SHR-E. All groups had similar immunostaining of occludin and zonula occludens-1, markers of tight junctions. In conclusion, hypertensive rats show an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, which is accompanied by morphological and hemodynamic alterations in the colon. Therefore, cardiovascular diseases may be characterized by an increased permeability of the gut-blood barrier to bacterial metabolites such as TMA.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5728578
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-57285782017-12-22 Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite Jaworska, Kinga Huc, Tomasz Samborowska, Emilia Dobrowolski, Leszek Bielinska, Klaudia Gawlak, Maciej Ufnal, Marcin PLoS One Research Article An increased blood trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has emerged as a marker of cardiovascular mortality, however, the mechanisms of the increase are not clear. We evaluated if hypertension was associated with changes in the colon permeability to trimethylamine (TMA), a TMAO precursor. We did experiments on male, 24-26-week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and SHR treated with enalapril, an antihypertensive drug (SHR-E). To check the colon permeability and liver TMA clearance, blood was collected from the portal vein and hepatic veins confluence, at baseline and after the intracolonic administration of TMA. Arterial blood pressure (BP) and intestinal blood flow (IBF) recordings and histological assessment of the colon were performed. SHR showed an increased gut-blood barrier permeability to TMA. Namely, at baseline SHR had a higher BP and portal blood TMA, but a lower IBF than WKY. After the intracolonic administration of TMA, SHR had a significantly higher portal blood TMA and higher TMA liver clearance than WKY. In SHR the arteriolar walls of the colon mucosa were significantly thicker than in WKY. Furthermore, SHR showed a significant decrease in the height of the mucosa. In contrast, SHR-E had lower portal blood TMA, lower BP and smaller thickness of arteriolar walls, but higher IBF than SHR, which indicates improved function of the gut-blood barrier in SHR-E. All groups had similar immunostaining of occludin and zonula occludens-1, markers of tight junctions. In conclusion, hypertensive rats show an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, which is accompanied by morphological and hemodynamic alterations in the colon. Therefore, cardiovascular diseases may be characterized by an increased permeability of the gut-blood barrier to bacterial metabolites such as TMA. Public Library of Science 2017-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5728578/ /pubmed/29236735 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189310 Text en © 2017 Jaworska et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jaworska, Kinga
Huc, Tomasz
Samborowska, Emilia
Dobrowolski, Leszek
Bielinska, Klaudia
Gawlak, Maciej
Ufnal, Marcin
Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite
title Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite
title_full Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite
title_fullStr Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite
title_full_unstemmed Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite
title_short Hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to TMA, a gut bacteria metabolite
title_sort hypertension in rats is associated with an increased permeability of the colon to tma, a gut bacteria metabolite
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5728578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29236735
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189310
work_keys_str_mv AT jaworskakinga hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite
AT huctomasz hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite
AT samborowskaemilia hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite
AT dobrowolskileszek hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite
AT bielinskaklaudia hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite
AT gawlakmaciej hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite
AT ufnalmarcin hypertensioninratsisassociatedwithanincreasedpermeabilityofthecolontotmaagutbacteriametabolite