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Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States
Background. Variant influenza virus infections are rare but may have pandemic potential if person-to-person transmission is efficient. We describe the epidemiology of a multistate outbreak of an influenza A(H3N2) variant virus (H3N2v) first identified in 2011. Methods. We identified laboratory-confi...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5733625/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit649 |
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author | Jhung, Michael A. Epperson, Scott Biggerstaff, Matthew Allen, Donna Balish, Amanda Barnes, Nathelia Beaudoin, Amanda Berman, LaShondra Bidol, Sally Blanton, Lenee Blythe, David Brammer, Lynnette D'Mello, Tiffany Danila, Richard Davis, William de Fijter, Sietske DiOrio, Mary Durand, Lizette O. Emery, Shannon Fowler, Brian Garten, Rebecca Grant, Yoran Greenbaum, Adena Gubareva, Larisa Havers, Fiona Haupt, Thomas House, Jennifer Ibrahim, Sherif Jiang, Victoria Jain, Seema Jernigan, Daniel Kazmierczak, James Klimov, Alexander Lindstrom, Stephen Longenberger, Allison Lucas, Paul Lynfield, Ruth McMorrow, Meredith Moll, Maria Morin, Craig Ostroff, Stephen Page, Shannon L. Park, Sarah Y. Peters, Susan Quinn, Celia Reed, Carrie Richards, Shawn Scheftel, Joni Simwale, Owen Shu, Bo Soyemi, Kenneth Stauffer, Jill Steffens, Craig Su, Su Torso, Lauren Uyeki, Timothy M. Vetter, Sara Villanueva, Julie Wong, Karen K. Shaw, Michael Bresee, Joseph S. Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn |
author_facet | Jhung, Michael A. Epperson, Scott Biggerstaff, Matthew Allen, Donna Balish, Amanda Barnes, Nathelia Beaudoin, Amanda Berman, LaShondra Bidol, Sally Blanton, Lenee Blythe, David Brammer, Lynnette D'Mello, Tiffany Danila, Richard Davis, William de Fijter, Sietske DiOrio, Mary Durand, Lizette O. Emery, Shannon Fowler, Brian Garten, Rebecca Grant, Yoran Greenbaum, Adena Gubareva, Larisa Havers, Fiona Haupt, Thomas House, Jennifer Ibrahim, Sherif Jiang, Victoria Jain, Seema Jernigan, Daniel Kazmierczak, James Klimov, Alexander Lindstrom, Stephen Longenberger, Allison Lucas, Paul Lynfield, Ruth McMorrow, Meredith Moll, Maria Morin, Craig Ostroff, Stephen Page, Shannon L. Park, Sarah Y. Peters, Susan Quinn, Celia Reed, Carrie Richards, Shawn Scheftel, Joni Simwale, Owen Shu, Bo Soyemi, Kenneth Stauffer, Jill Steffens, Craig Su, Su Torso, Lauren Uyeki, Timothy M. Vetter, Sara Villanueva, Julie Wong, Karen K. Shaw, Michael Bresee, Joseph S. Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn |
author_sort | Jhung, Michael A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background. Variant influenza virus infections are rare but may have pandemic potential if person-to-person transmission is efficient. We describe the epidemiology of a multistate outbreak of an influenza A(H3N2) variant virus (H3N2v) first identified in 2011. Methods. We identified laboratory-confirmed cases of H3N2v and used a standard case report form to characterize illness and exposures. We considered illness to result from person-to-person H3N2v transmission if swine contact was not identified within 4 days prior to illness onset. Results. From 9 July to 7 September 2012, we identified 306 cases of H3N2v in 10 states. The median age of all patients was 7 years. Commonly reported signs and symptoms included fever (98%), cough (85%), and fatigue (83%). Sixteen patients (5.2%) were hospitalized, and 1 fatal case was identified. The majority of those infected reported agricultural fair attendance (93%) and/or contact with swine (95%) prior to illness. We identified 15 cases of possible person-to-person transmission of H3N2v. Viruses recovered from patients were 93%–100% identical and similar to viruses recovered from previous cases of H3N2v. All H3N2v viruses examined were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir and resistant to adamantane antiviral medications. Conclusions. In a large outbreak of variant influenza, the majority of infected persons reported exposures, suggesting that swine contact at an agricultural fair was a risk for H3N2v infection. We identified limited person-to-person H3N2v virus transmission, but found no evidence of efficient or sustained person-to-person transmission. Fair managers and attendees should be aware of the risk of swine-to-human transmission of influenza viruses in these settings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5733625 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57336252017-12-18 Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States Jhung, Michael A. Epperson, Scott Biggerstaff, Matthew Allen, Donna Balish, Amanda Barnes, Nathelia Beaudoin, Amanda Berman, LaShondra Bidol, Sally Blanton, Lenee Blythe, David Brammer, Lynnette D'Mello, Tiffany Danila, Richard Davis, William de Fijter, Sietske DiOrio, Mary Durand, Lizette O. Emery, Shannon Fowler, Brian Garten, Rebecca Grant, Yoran Greenbaum, Adena Gubareva, Larisa Havers, Fiona Haupt, Thomas House, Jennifer Ibrahim, Sherif Jiang, Victoria Jain, Seema Jernigan, Daniel Kazmierczak, James Klimov, Alexander Lindstrom, Stephen Longenberger, Allison Lucas, Paul Lynfield, Ruth McMorrow, Meredith Moll, Maria Morin, Craig Ostroff, Stephen Page, Shannon L. Park, Sarah Y. Peters, Susan Quinn, Celia Reed, Carrie Richards, Shawn Scheftel, Joni Simwale, Owen Shu, Bo Soyemi, Kenneth Stauffer, Jill Steffens, Craig Su, Su Torso, Lauren Uyeki, Timothy M. Vetter, Sara Villanueva, Julie Wong, Karen K. Shaw, Michael Bresee, Joseph S. Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn Clin Infect Dis Articles and Commentaries Background. Variant influenza virus infections are rare but may have pandemic potential if person-to-person transmission is efficient. We describe the epidemiology of a multistate outbreak of an influenza A(H3N2) variant virus (H3N2v) first identified in 2011. Methods. We identified laboratory-confirmed cases of H3N2v and used a standard case report form to characterize illness and exposures. We considered illness to result from person-to-person H3N2v transmission if swine contact was not identified within 4 days prior to illness onset. Results. From 9 July to 7 September 2012, we identified 306 cases of H3N2v in 10 states. The median age of all patients was 7 years. Commonly reported signs and symptoms included fever (98%), cough (85%), and fatigue (83%). Sixteen patients (5.2%) were hospitalized, and 1 fatal case was identified. The majority of those infected reported agricultural fair attendance (93%) and/or contact with swine (95%) prior to illness. We identified 15 cases of possible person-to-person transmission of H3N2v. Viruses recovered from patients were 93%–100% identical and similar to viruses recovered from previous cases of H3N2v. All H3N2v viruses examined were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir and resistant to adamantane antiviral medications. Conclusions. In a large outbreak of variant influenza, the majority of infected persons reported exposures, suggesting that swine contact at an agricultural fair was a risk for H3N2v infection. We identified limited person-to-person H3N2v virus transmission, but found no evidence of efficient or sustained person-to-person transmission. Fair managers and attendees should be aware of the risk of swine-to-human transmission of influenza viruses in these settings. Oxford University Press 2013-12-15 2013-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5733625/ /pubmed/24065322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit649 Text en Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2013. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections. |
spellingShingle | Articles and Commentaries Jhung, Michael A. Epperson, Scott Biggerstaff, Matthew Allen, Donna Balish, Amanda Barnes, Nathelia Beaudoin, Amanda Berman, LaShondra Bidol, Sally Blanton, Lenee Blythe, David Brammer, Lynnette D'Mello, Tiffany Danila, Richard Davis, William de Fijter, Sietske DiOrio, Mary Durand, Lizette O. Emery, Shannon Fowler, Brian Garten, Rebecca Grant, Yoran Greenbaum, Adena Gubareva, Larisa Havers, Fiona Haupt, Thomas House, Jennifer Ibrahim, Sherif Jiang, Victoria Jain, Seema Jernigan, Daniel Kazmierczak, James Klimov, Alexander Lindstrom, Stephen Longenberger, Allison Lucas, Paul Lynfield, Ruth McMorrow, Meredith Moll, Maria Morin, Craig Ostroff, Stephen Page, Shannon L. Park, Sarah Y. Peters, Susan Quinn, Celia Reed, Carrie Richards, Shawn Scheftel, Joni Simwale, Owen Shu, Bo Soyemi, Kenneth Stauffer, Jill Steffens, Craig Su, Su Torso, Lauren Uyeki, Timothy M. Vetter, Sara Villanueva, Julie Wong, Karen K. Shaw, Michael Bresee, Joseph S. Cox, Nancy Finelli, Lyn Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States |
title | Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States |
title_full | Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States |
title_fullStr | Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States |
title_short | Outbreak of Variant Influenza A(H3N2) Virus in the United States |
title_sort | outbreak of variant influenza a(h3n2) virus in the united states |
topic | Articles and Commentaries |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5733625/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit649 |
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