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Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis

The arms race between parasitic sequences and their hosts is a major driving force for evolution of gene control systems. Since transposable elements (TEs) are potentially deleterious, eukaryotes silence them by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Little is known about how TEs counteract...

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Autores principales: Hosaka, Aoi, Saito, Raku, Takashima, Kazuya, Sasaki, Taku, Fu, Yu, Kawabe, Akira, Ito, Tasuku, Toyoda, Atsushi, Fujiyama, Asao, Tarutani, Yoshiaki, Kakutani, Tetsuji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5735166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29255196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02150-7
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author Hosaka, Aoi
Saito, Raku
Takashima, Kazuya
Sasaki, Taku
Fu, Yu
Kawabe, Akira
Ito, Tasuku
Toyoda, Atsushi
Fujiyama, Asao
Tarutani, Yoshiaki
Kakutani, Tetsuji
author_facet Hosaka, Aoi
Saito, Raku
Takashima, Kazuya
Sasaki, Taku
Fu, Yu
Kawabe, Akira
Ito, Tasuku
Toyoda, Atsushi
Fujiyama, Asao
Tarutani, Yoshiaki
Kakutani, Tetsuji
author_sort Hosaka, Aoi
collection PubMed
description The arms race between parasitic sequences and their hosts is a major driving force for evolution of gene control systems. Since transposable elements (TEs) are potentially deleterious, eukaryotes silence them by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Little is known about how TEs counteract silencing to propagate during evolution. Here, we report behavior of sequence-specific anti-silencing proteins used by Arabidopsis TEs and evolution of those proteins and their target sequences. We show that VANC, a TE-encoded anti-silencing protein, induces extensive DNA methylation loss throughout TEs. Related VANC proteins have evolved to hypomethylate TEs of completely different spectra. Targets for VANC proteins often form tandem repeats, which vary considerably between related TEs. We propose that evolution of VANC proteins and their targets allow propagation of TEs while causing minimal host damage. Our findings provide insight into the evolutionary dynamics of these apparently “selfish” sequences. They also provide potential tools to edit epigenomes in a sequence-specific manner.
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spelling pubmed-57351662017-12-20 Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis Hosaka, Aoi Saito, Raku Takashima, Kazuya Sasaki, Taku Fu, Yu Kawabe, Akira Ito, Tasuku Toyoda, Atsushi Fujiyama, Asao Tarutani, Yoshiaki Kakutani, Tetsuji Nat Commun Article The arms race between parasitic sequences and their hosts is a major driving force for evolution of gene control systems. Since transposable elements (TEs) are potentially deleterious, eukaryotes silence them by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Little is known about how TEs counteract silencing to propagate during evolution. Here, we report behavior of sequence-specific anti-silencing proteins used by Arabidopsis TEs and evolution of those proteins and their target sequences. We show that VANC, a TE-encoded anti-silencing protein, induces extensive DNA methylation loss throughout TEs. Related VANC proteins have evolved to hypomethylate TEs of completely different spectra. Targets for VANC proteins often form tandem repeats, which vary considerably between related TEs. We propose that evolution of VANC proteins and their targets allow propagation of TEs while causing minimal host damage. Our findings provide insight into the evolutionary dynamics of these apparently “selfish” sequences. They also provide potential tools to edit epigenomes in a sequence-specific manner. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5735166/ /pubmed/29255196 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02150-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Hosaka, Aoi
Saito, Raku
Takashima, Kazuya
Sasaki, Taku
Fu, Yu
Kawabe, Akira
Ito, Tasuku
Toyoda, Atsushi
Fujiyama, Asao
Tarutani, Yoshiaki
Kakutani, Tetsuji
Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis
title Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis
title_full Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis
title_fullStr Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis
title_full_unstemmed Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis
title_short Evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in Arabidopsis
title_sort evolution of sequence-specific anti-silencing systems in arabidopsis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5735166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29255196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02150-7
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