Anaesthetic Implications of Severe Hyperthyroidism Secondary to Molar Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Pregnant women with gestational trophoblastic disease have an increased likelihood to develop hyperthyroidism secondary to increased secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin. Most of these cases of hyperthyroidism remain undiagnosed and may present as a thyrotoxic crisis during the perioperative period. Pregnant patients with gestational trophoblastic disease should be always evaluated for hyperthyroidism, and in cases of severe hyperthyroidism, antithyroid treatment should be initiated before evacuation of the mole. Anesthetic management of these cases is challenging in view of the emergency nature of the surgery and potential for thyroid crisis. Spinal anesthesia can be safely administered and has a protective role in preventing thyroid crisis.