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Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance

Much of the information available in the literature on physiological responses during Enduro motorcycling is related to heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLa). The aim of this work was to investigate the hemodynamic changes that occur during a 10-min session of Enduro motorcycling. Fifteen skilled...

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Autores principales: Sanna, Irene, Pinna, Virginia, Milia, Raffaele, Roberto, Silvana, Olla, Sergio, Mulliri, Gabriele, Crisafulli, Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5736362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29311986
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.01062
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author Sanna, Irene
Pinna, Virginia
Milia, Raffaele
Roberto, Silvana
Olla, Sergio
Mulliri, Gabriele
Crisafulli, Antonio
author_facet Sanna, Irene
Pinna, Virginia
Milia, Raffaele
Roberto, Silvana
Olla, Sergio
Mulliri, Gabriele
Crisafulli, Antonio
author_sort Sanna, Irene
collection PubMed
description Much of the information available in the literature on physiological responses during Enduro motorcycling is related to heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLa). The aim of this work was to investigate the hemodynamic changes that occur during a 10-min session of Enduro motorcycling. Fifteen skilled riders were enrolled on the study and all participants underwent an Enduro-motorcycling session on a standard track. Hemodynamics were assessed using a miniaturized impedance cardiograph. Results show that HR significantly increased from 96.5 ± 12.8 bpm at rest to 153.1 ± 17.7 bpm during riding, while stroke volume (SV) increased from 53.5 ± 14.1 to 72.2 ± 22.1 ml and cardiac output (CO) from 5.0 ± 1.1 to 10.9 ± 3.0 L·min(−1). Moreover, ventricular emptying rate (VER) increased from 192.9 ± 43.0 to 324.1 ± 83.6 ml·s(1) and ventricular filling rate (VFR) from 141.1 ± 160.5 to 849 ± 309 ml·s(−1). Taken together, these data suggest that Enduro motorcycling induces substantial cardiovascular activation, not only in terms of chronotropism but also in terms of cardiac performance and pre-load, thereby increasing SV and CO. Finally, it is likely that sympathetic-mediated venous constriction occurred. This in turn improved VFR and recruited the Frank-Starling mechanism and inotropic reserve. It was concluded that Enduro motorcycling is a challenging activity for the cardiovascular apparatus.
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spelling pubmed-57363622018-01-08 Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance Sanna, Irene Pinna, Virginia Milia, Raffaele Roberto, Silvana Olla, Sergio Mulliri, Gabriele Crisafulli, Antonio Front Physiol Physiology Much of the information available in the literature on physiological responses during Enduro motorcycling is related to heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BLa). The aim of this work was to investigate the hemodynamic changes that occur during a 10-min session of Enduro motorcycling. Fifteen skilled riders were enrolled on the study and all participants underwent an Enduro-motorcycling session on a standard track. Hemodynamics were assessed using a miniaturized impedance cardiograph. Results show that HR significantly increased from 96.5 ± 12.8 bpm at rest to 153.1 ± 17.7 bpm during riding, while stroke volume (SV) increased from 53.5 ± 14.1 to 72.2 ± 22.1 ml and cardiac output (CO) from 5.0 ± 1.1 to 10.9 ± 3.0 L·min(−1). Moreover, ventricular emptying rate (VER) increased from 192.9 ± 43.0 to 324.1 ± 83.6 ml·s(1) and ventricular filling rate (VFR) from 141.1 ± 160.5 to 849 ± 309 ml·s(−1). Taken together, these data suggest that Enduro motorcycling induces substantial cardiovascular activation, not only in terms of chronotropism but also in terms of cardiac performance and pre-load, thereby increasing SV and CO. Finally, it is likely that sympathetic-mediated venous constriction occurred. This in turn improved VFR and recruited the Frank-Starling mechanism and inotropic reserve. It was concluded that Enduro motorcycling is a challenging activity for the cardiovascular apparatus. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5736362/ /pubmed/29311986 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.01062 Text en Copyright © 2017 Sanna, Pinna, Milia, Roberto, Olla, Mulliri and Crisafulli. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Sanna, Irene
Pinna, Virginia
Milia, Raffaele
Roberto, Silvana
Olla, Sergio
Mulliri, Gabriele
Crisafulli, Antonio
Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance
title Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance
title_full Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance
title_fullStr Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance
title_full_unstemmed Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance
title_short Hemodynamic Responses during Enduro-Motorcycling Performance
title_sort hemodynamic responses during enduro-motorcycling performance
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5736362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29311986
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.01062
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