Late presentation of necrotizing enterocolitis associated with rotavirus infection in a term infant with hyperinsulinism on octreotide therapy: A case report

RATIONALE: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infancy that can cause permanent brain damage. Consequently, optimal management is extremely important. Current pharmacologic and surgical treatment were available that included diazoxide and octreotides. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 4 month old Saudi male patient diagnosed at our hospital as CHI, treated with near total pancreatectomy and octreotide therapy of 30 mcg/kg/day presented with severe abdominal distension, vomiting and bloody diarrhea. DIAGNOSES: The patient was diagnosed as necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) associated with Rota virus infection which played together with octeriotides as risk factors for NEC. INTERVENTIONS: Radiological investigations and multidisciplinary team management with endocrinologist, neonatologist, pediatric surgeon, and gastroenterologist. OUTCOMES: Resolution of NEC with conservative medical management and was discharged after 1 month of hospital stay with follow up with all concerned sub specialties. LESSONS: NEC can develop in patients treated with octreotides especially when associated with another risk factor such as rotavirus infection.