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Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm
Diversified bet‐hedging (DBH) by production of within‐genotype phenotypic variance may evolve to maximize fitness in stochastic environments. Bet‐hedging is generally associated with parental effects, but phenotypic variation may also develop throughout life via developmental instability (DI). This...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5743494/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29299238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3556 |
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author | Kielland, Øystein Nordeide Bech, Claus Einum, Sigurd |
author_facet | Kielland, Øystein Nordeide Bech, Claus Einum, Sigurd |
author_sort | Kielland, Øystein Nordeide |
collection | PubMed |
description | Diversified bet‐hedging (DBH) by production of within‐genotype phenotypic variance may evolve to maximize fitness in stochastic environments. Bet‐hedging is generally associated with parental effects, but phenotypic variation may also develop throughout life via developmental instability (DI). This opens for the possibility of a within‐generation mechanism creating DBH during the lifetime of individuals. If so, DI could in fact be a plastic trait itself; if a fluctuating environment indicates uncertainty about future conditions, sensing such fluctuations could trigger DI as a DBH response. However, this possibility has received little empirical attention. Here, we test whether fluctuating environments may elicit such a response in the clonally reproducing crustacean Daphnia magna. Specifically, we exposed genetically identical individuals to two environments of different thermal stability (stable vs. pronounced daily realistic temperature fluctuations) and tested for effects on DI in body mass and metabolic rate shortly before maturation. Furthermore, we also estimated the genetic variation in DI. Interestingly, fluctuating temperatures did not affect body mass, but metabolic rate decreased. We found no evidence for plasticity in DI in response to environmental fluctuations. The lack of plasticity was common to all genotypes, and for both traits studied. However, we found considerable evolvability for DI, which implies a general evolutionary potential for DBH under selection for increased phenotypic variance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5743494 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57434942018-01-03 Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm Kielland, Øystein Nordeide Bech, Claus Einum, Sigurd Ecol Evol Original Research Diversified bet‐hedging (DBH) by production of within‐genotype phenotypic variance may evolve to maximize fitness in stochastic environments. Bet‐hedging is generally associated with parental effects, but phenotypic variation may also develop throughout life via developmental instability (DI). This opens for the possibility of a within‐generation mechanism creating DBH during the lifetime of individuals. If so, DI could in fact be a plastic trait itself; if a fluctuating environment indicates uncertainty about future conditions, sensing such fluctuations could trigger DI as a DBH response. However, this possibility has received little empirical attention. Here, we test whether fluctuating environments may elicit such a response in the clonally reproducing crustacean Daphnia magna. Specifically, we exposed genetically identical individuals to two environments of different thermal stability (stable vs. pronounced daily realistic temperature fluctuations) and tested for effects on DI in body mass and metabolic rate shortly before maturation. Furthermore, we also estimated the genetic variation in DI. Interestingly, fluctuating temperatures did not affect body mass, but metabolic rate decreased. We found no evidence for plasticity in DI in response to environmental fluctuations. The lack of plasticity was common to all genotypes, and for both traits studied. However, we found considerable evolvability for DI, which implies a general evolutionary potential for DBH under selection for increased phenotypic variance. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5743494/ /pubmed/29299238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3556 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Kielland, Øystein Nordeide Bech, Claus Einum, Sigurd Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
title | Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
title_full | Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
title_fullStr | Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
title_full_unstemmed | Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
title_short | Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
title_sort | is there plasticity in developmental instability? the effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5743494/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29299238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3556 |
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