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A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria

Nicotinate degradation has hitherto been elucidated only in bacteria. In the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans, six loci, hxnS/AN9178 encoding the molybdenum cofactor-containing nicotinate hydroxylase, AN11197 encoding a Cys2/His2 zinc finger regulator HxnR, together with AN11196/hxnZ, AN11188/hxnY, A...

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Autores principales: Ámon, Judit, Fernández-Martín, Rafael, Bokor, Eszter, Cultrone, Antonietta, Kelly, Joan M., Flipphi, Michel, Scazzocchio, Claudio, Hamari, Zsuzsanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5746545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29212709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170199
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author Ámon, Judit
Fernández-Martín, Rafael
Bokor, Eszter
Cultrone, Antonietta
Kelly, Joan M.
Flipphi, Michel
Scazzocchio, Claudio
Hamari, Zsuzsanna
author_facet Ámon, Judit
Fernández-Martín, Rafael
Bokor, Eszter
Cultrone, Antonietta
Kelly, Joan M.
Flipphi, Michel
Scazzocchio, Claudio
Hamari, Zsuzsanna
author_sort Ámon, Judit
collection PubMed
description Nicotinate degradation has hitherto been elucidated only in bacteria. In the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans, six loci, hxnS/AN9178 encoding the molybdenum cofactor-containing nicotinate hydroxylase, AN11197 encoding a Cys2/His2 zinc finger regulator HxnR, together with AN11196/hxnZ, AN11188/hxnY, AN11189/hxnP and AN9177/hxnT, are clustered and stringently co-induced by a nicotinate derivative and subject to nitrogen metabolite repression mediated by the GATA factor AreA. These genes are strictly co-regulated by HxnR. Within the hxnR gene, constitutive mutations map in two discrete regions. Aspergillus nidulans is capable of using nicotinate and its oxidation products 6-hydroxynicotinic acid and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine as sole nitrogen sources in an HxnR-dependent way. HxnS is highly similar to HxA, the canonical xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), and has originated by gene duplication, preceding the origin of the Pezizomycotina. This cluster is conserved with some variations throughout the Aspergillaceae. Our results imply that a fungal pathway has arisen independently from bacterial ones. Significantly, the neo-functionalization of XDH into nicotinate hydroxylase has occurred independently from analogous events in bacteria. This work describes for the first time a gene cluster involved in nicotinate catabolism in a eukaryote and has relevance for the formation and evolution of co-regulated primary metabolic gene clusters and the microbial degradation of N-heterocyclic compounds.
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spelling pubmed-57465452017-12-31 A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria Ámon, Judit Fernández-Martín, Rafael Bokor, Eszter Cultrone, Antonietta Kelly, Joan M. Flipphi, Michel Scazzocchio, Claudio Hamari, Zsuzsanna Open Biol Research Nicotinate degradation has hitherto been elucidated only in bacteria. In the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans, six loci, hxnS/AN9178 encoding the molybdenum cofactor-containing nicotinate hydroxylase, AN11197 encoding a Cys2/His2 zinc finger regulator HxnR, together with AN11196/hxnZ, AN11188/hxnY, AN11189/hxnP and AN9177/hxnT, are clustered and stringently co-induced by a nicotinate derivative and subject to nitrogen metabolite repression mediated by the GATA factor AreA. These genes are strictly co-regulated by HxnR. Within the hxnR gene, constitutive mutations map in two discrete regions. Aspergillus nidulans is capable of using nicotinate and its oxidation products 6-hydroxynicotinic acid and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine as sole nitrogen sources in an HxnR-dependent way. HxnS is highly similar to HxA, the canonical xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), and has originated by gene duplication, preceding the origin of the Pezizomycotina. This cluster is conserved with some variations throughout the Aspergillaceae. Our results imply that a fungal pathway has arisen independently from bacterial ones. Significantly, the neo-functionalization of XDH into nicotinate hydroxylase has occurred independently from analogous events in bacteria. This work describes for the first time a gene cluster involved in nicotinate catabolism in a eukaryote and has relevance for the formation and evolution of co-regulated primary metabolic gene clusters and the microbial degradation of N-heterocyclic compounds. The Royal Society 2017-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5746545/ /pubmed/29212709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170199 Text en © 2017 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research
Ámon, Judit
Fernández-Martín, Rafael
Bokor, Eszter
Cultrone, Antonietta
Kelly, Joan M.
Flipphi, Michel
Scazzocchio, Claudio
Hamari, Zsuzsanna
A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
title A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
title_full A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
title_fullStr A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
title_full_unstemmed A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
title_short A eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
title_sort eukaryotic nicotinate-inducible gene cluster: convergent evolution in fungi and bacteria
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5746545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29212709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170199
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