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Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock

Sepsis represents a dysregulated immune response to infection, with a continuum of severity progressing to septic shock. This dysregulated response generally follows a pattern by which an initial hyperinflammatory phase is followed by a state of sepsis-associated immunosuppression. Major challenges...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lafreniere, J. Daniel, Lehmann, Christian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5746735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29104224
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo7040055
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author Lafreniere, J. Daniel
Lehmann, Christian
author_facet Lafreniere, J. Daniel
Lehmann, Christian
author_sort Lafreniere, J. Daniel
collection PubMed
description Sepsis represents a dysregulated immune response to infection, with a continuum of severity progressing to septic shock. This dysregulated response generally follows a pattern by which an initial hyperinflammatory phase is followed by a state of sepsis-associated immunosuppression. Major challenges in improving sepsis care include developing strategies to ensure early and accurate identification and diagnosis of the disease process, improving our ability to predict outcomes and stratify patients, and the need for novel sepsis-specific treatments such as immunomodulation. Biomarkers offer promise with all three of these challenges and are likely also to be the solution to determining a patient’s immune status; something that is critical in guiding effective and safe immunomodulatory therapy. Currently available biomarkers used in sepsis lack sensitivity and specificity, among other significant shortcomings. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an emerging topic of research with evidence suggesting a ubiquitous presence on both central and peripheral tissues, including an intrinsic link with immune function. This review will first discuss the state of sepsis biomarkers and lack of available treatments, followed by an introduction to the ECS and a discussion of its potential to provide novel biomarkers and treatments.
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spelling pubmed-57467352018-01-03 Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock Lafreniere, J. Daniel Lehmann, Christian Metabolites Review Sepsis represents a dysregulated immune response to infection, with a continuum of severity progressing to septic shock. This dysregulated response generally follows a pattern by which an initial hyperinflammatory phase is followed by a state of sepsis-associated immunosuppression. Major challenges in improving sepsis care include developing strategies to ensure early and accurate identification and diagnosis of the disease process, improving our ability to predict outcomes and stratify patients, and the need for novel sepsis-specific treatments such as immunomodulation. Biomarkers offer promise with all three of these challenges and are likely also to be the solution to determining a patient’s immune status; something that is critical in guiding effective and safe immunomodulatory therapy. Currently available biomarkers used in sepsis lack sensitivity and specificity, among other significant shortcomings. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an emerging topic of research with evidence suggesting a ubiquitous presence on both central and peripheral tissues, including an intrinsic link with immune function. This review will first discuss the state of sepsis biomarkers and lack of available treatments, followed by an introduction to the ECS and a discussion of its potential to provide novel biomarkers and treatments. MDPI 2017-11-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5746735/ /pubmed/29104224 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo7040055 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lafreniere, J. Daniel
Lehmann, Christian
Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock
title Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock
title_full Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock
title_fullStr Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock
title_full_unstemmed Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock
title_short Parameters of the Endocannabinoid System as Novel Biomarkers in Sepsis and Septic Shock
title_sort parameters of the endocannabinoid system as novel biomarkers in sepsis and septic shock
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5746735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29104224
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo7040055
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