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The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases

The media and public health generally focus on the biological and physical ramifications of epidemics. Mental health issues that coincide with emerging diseases and epidemics are rarely examined and sometimes, even eschewed due to cultural considerations. Psychiatric manifestations of various infect...

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Autores principales: Tucci, Veronica, Moukaddam, Nidal, Meadows, Jonathan, Shah, Suhal, Galwankar, Sagar C, Kapur, G Bobby
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5750439/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29302150
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_66_17
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author Tucci, Veronica
Moukaddam, Nidal
Meadows, Jonathan
Shah, Suhal
Galwankar, Sagar C
Kapur, G Bobby
author_facet Tucci, Veronica
Moukaddam, Nidal
Meadows, Jonathan
Shah, Suhal
Galwankar, Sagar C
Kapur, G Bobby
author_sort Tucci, Veronica
collection PubMed
description The media and public health generally focus on the biological and physical ramifications of epidemics. Mental health issues that coincide with emerging diseases and epidemics are rarely examined and sometimes, even eschewed due to cultural considerations. Psychiatric manifestations of various infectious diseases, especially with a focus on Ebola Virus disease (EVD) and Zika Virus, are discussed in this commentary to illustrate the continued need of care after the resolution of the actual illness. Various infectious diseases have associations with mental illness, such as an increased risk of obsessive-compulsive disorders and Tourette syndrome in children with Group B streptococcal infection. Current EVD literature does not demonstrate a strong association of mental illness symptoms or diseases but there is a necessity of care that extends beyond the illness. Patients and their families experience depression, anxiety, trauma, suicidal ideation, panic and other manifestations. Zika virus has been associated neuronal injury, genetic alteration that affects fetal development and detrimental maternal mental health symptoms are being documented. While funding calls from the international community are present, there are no specific epidemiological data or fiscal estimates solely for mental health during or after infectious diseases epidemics or disasters that support health care providers and strengthen policies and procedures for responding to such situations. Therefore, those on the frontlines of epidemics including emergency physicians, primary care providers and infectious disease specialists should serve communicate this need and advocate for sustained and increased funding for mental health programs to heighten public awareness regarding acute psychiatric events during infectious diseases outbreaks and offer treatment and support when necessary.
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spelling pubmed-57504392018-01-04 The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases Tucci, Veronica Moukaddam, Nidal Meadows, Jonathan Shah, Suhal Galwankar, Sagar C Kapur, G Bobby J Glob Infect Dis Review Article The media and public health generally focus on the biological and physical ramifications of epidemics. Mental health issues that coincide with emerging diseases and epidemics are rarely examined and sometimes, even eschewed due to cultural considerations. Psychiatric manifestations of various infectious diseases, especially with a focus on Ebola Virus disease (EVD) and Zika Virus, are discussed in this commentary to illustrate the continued need of care after the resolution of the actual illness. Various infectious diseases have associations with mental illness, such as an increased risk of obsessive-compulsive disorders and Tourette syndrome in children with Group B streptococcal infection. Current EVD literature does not demonstrate a strong association of mental illness symptoms or diseases but there is a necessity of care that extends beyond the illness. Patients and their families experience depression, anxiety, trauma, suicidal ideation, panic and other manifestations. Zika virus has been associated neuronal injury, genetic alteration that affects fetal development and detrimental maternal mental health symptoms are being documented. While funding calls from the international community are present, there are no specific epidemiological data or fiscal estimates solely for mental health during or after infectious diseases epidemics or disasters that support health care providers and strengthen policies and procedures for responding to such situations. Therefore, those on the frontlines of epidemics including emergency physicians, primary care providers and infectious disease specialists should serve communicate this need and advocate for sustained and increased funding for mental health programs to heighten public awareness regarding acute psychiatric events during infectious diseases outbreaks and offer treatment and support when necessary. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5750439/ /pubmed/29302150 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_66_17 Text en Copyright: © 2017 Journal of Global Infectious Diseases http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review Article
Tucci, Veronica
Moukaddam, Nidal
Meadows, Jonathan
Shah, Suhal
Galwankar, Sagar C
Kapur, G Bobby
The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases
title The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases
title_full The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases
title_fullStr The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases
title_full_unstemmed The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases
title_short The Forgotten Plague: Psychiatric Manifestations of Ebola, Zika, and Emerging Infectious Diseases
title_sort forgotten plague: psychiatric manifestations of ebola, zika, and emerging infectious diseases
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5750439/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29302150
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jgid.jgid_66_17
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