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Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight

Potato late blight (PLB) caused by Phytophthora infestans (Pi) is the most harmful disease in potato production worldwide. In organic farming, copper is used despite its persistence in soil and toxicity to soil organisms. To replace copper, suspensions of powders from three promising botanicals, inc...

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Autores principales: Forrer, Hans-Rudolf, Vogelgsang, Susanne, Musa, Tomke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5753167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371580
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof3040065
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author Forrer, Hans-Rudolf
Vogelgsang, Susanne
Musa, Tomke
author_facet Forrer, Hans-Rudolf
Vogelgsang, Susanne
Musa, Tomke
author_sort Forrer, Hans-Rudolf
collection PubMed
description Potato late blight (PLB) caused by Phytophthora infestans (Pi) is the most harmful disease in potato production worldwide. In organic farming, copper is used despite its persistence in soil and toxicity to soil organisms. To replace copper, suspensions of powders from three promising botanicals, including bark of buckthorn (Frangula alnus, FA), roots of medicinal rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) and galls of the nutgall tree (Galla chinensis), were tested in multi-year field experiments. The current study shows for the first time that botanicals could replace copper under field conditions and best PLB reduction on leaves was achieved with FA, reaching a level close to that of 2 to 3 kg copper per hectare and year. Better results than with copper were achieved with Phosfik(®) (Ph), a phosphonate-based product. For both FA and Ph, the mode of action is based on induced resistance, for Ph also on direct fungicidal effects. A disadvantage of Ph is the accumulation of residues in potato tubers. Nevertheless, two to three applications with 2 to 3 L/ha of Ph would be feasible to not exceed a minimal risk level (MLR) of 20 mg/kg of phosphorous acid as proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. Due to an excellent environmental profile and a complex mode of action counteracting Pi resistance, phosphonate-based products would be most suitable for sustainable PLB management in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes.
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spelling pubmed-57531672018-01-19 Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight Forrer, Hans-Rudolf Vogelgsang, Susanne Musa, Tomke J Fungi (Basel) Article Potato late blight (PLB) caused by Phytophthora infestans (Pi) is the most harmful disease in potato production worldwide. In organic farming, copper is used despite its persistence in soil and toxicity to soil organisms. To replace copper, suspensions of powders from three promising botanicals, including bark of buckthorn (Frangula alnus, FA), roots of medicinal rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) and galls of the nutgall tree (Galla chinensis), were tested in multi-year field experiments. The current study shows for the first time that botanicals could replace copper under field conditions and best PLB reduction on leaves was achieved with FA, reaching a level close to that of 2 to 3 kg copper per hectare and year. Better results than with copper were achieved with Phosfik(®) (Ph), a phosphonate-based product. For both FA and Ph, the mode of action is based on induced resistance, for Ph also on direct fungicidal effects. A disadvantage of Ph is the accumulation of residues in potato tubers. Nevertheless, two to three applications with 2 to 3 L/ha of Ph would be feasible to not exceed a minimal risk level (MLR) of 20 mg/kg of phosphorous acid as proposed by the European Food Safety Authority. Due to an excellent environmental profile and a complex mode of action counteracting Pi resistance, phosphonate-based products would be most suitable for sustainable PLB management in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. MDPI 2017-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC5753167/ /pubmed/29371580 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof3040065 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Forrer, Hans-Rudolf
Vogelgsang, Susanne
Musa, Tomke
Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight
title Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight
title_full Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight
title_fullStr Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight
title_full_unstemmed Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight
title_short Botanicals and Phosphonate Show Potential to Replace Copper for Control of Potato Late Blight
title_sort botanicals and phosphonate show potential to replace copper for control of potato late blight
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5753167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371580
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof3040065
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