Randomized Trial of a Yogurt-type Amino Acid−based Formula in Infants and Children With Severe Cow's Milk Allergy

OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of a spoon-fed amino acid−based formula (AAF) with a yogurt-type texture compared to the reference oral liquid formula (Neocate). METHODS: Phase III/IV, prospective, randomized (1:1), open-label, multicenter study in infants/young children (6–36 months) with severe cow's milk protein allergy (CMA) who had consumed AAF for ≥1 month before the study. Patients received reference+test formula (Neocate with a yogurt-type texture for spoon-feeding: group 1) or reference formula (group 2) for 28 days. The study formulae were integrated into the patients’ usual daily diet. Efficacy on Day 0, 14, and 28 was assessed primarily in terms of symptoms associated with CMA. The evolution of symptoms, amount of formula consumed, nutritional and energy intake, anthropometric data, and tolerability were also assessed. RESULTS: The incidence of CMA symptoms was similar in each group (P > 0.05) on day 0, 14, and 28. For specific symptoms, there was little change from day 0 and no significant difference between groups for incidence on day 0 or evolution at day 14 or 28. There was no difference in formula consumption (day 0–day 28) between groups (P = 0.90), but nutritional value was generally higher for group 1 and calcium intake was statistically higher for group 1 (P < 0.05). Weight-for-height, weight-for age, and body mass index-for-age z scores were higher for group 1 than group 2 (P < 0.05). Both formulae were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in efficacy, formula consumption, and tolerability between the new spoon-fed yogurt-type AAF formula and the reference formula, whereas significantly higher calcium intake was achieved with the new formula.