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Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer

Over 30 million cancer survivors exist worldwide. Survivors have an earlier onset and higher incidence of chronic comorbidities, including endocrinopathies, cardiac dysfunction, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, secondary cancers and frailty than the general population; however, the fundamental basi...

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Autores principales: Cupit-Link, Margaret C, Kirkland, James L, Ness, Kirsten K, Armstrong, Gregory T, Tchkonia, Tamar, LeBrasseur, Nathan K, Armenian, Saro H, Ruddy, Kathryn J, Hashmi, Shahrukh K
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5757468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29326844
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000250
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author Cupit-Link, Margaret C
Kirkland, James L
Ness, Kirsten K
Armstrong, Gregory T
Tchkonia, Tamar
LeBrasseur, Nathan K
Armenian, Saro H
Ruddy, Kathryn J
Hashmi, Shahrukh K
author_facet Cupit-Link, Margaret C
Kirkland, James L
Ness, Kirsten K
Armstrong, Gregory T
Tchkonia, Tamar
LeBrasseur, Nathan K
Armenian, Saro H
Ruddy, Kathryn J
Hashmi, Shahrukh K
author_sort Cupit-Link, Margaret C
collection PubMed
description Over 30 million cancer survivors exist worldwide. Survivors have an earlier onset and higher incidence of chronic comorbidities, including endocrinopathies, cardiac dysfunction, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, secondary cancers and frailty than the general population; however, the fundamental basis of these changes at the cellular level is unknown. An electronic search was performed on Embase, Medline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Original articles addressing the cellular biology of ageing and/or the mechanisms of cancer therapies similar to ageing mechanisms were included, and references of these articles were reviewed for further search. We found multiple biological process of ageing at the cellular level and their association with cancer therapies, as well as with clinical effects. The direct effects of various chemotherapies and radiation on telomere length, senescent cells, epigenetic modifications and microRNA were found. We review the effects of cancer therapies on recognised hallmarks of ageing. Long-term comorbidities seen in cancer survivors mimic the phenotypes of ageing and likely result from the interaction between therapeutic exposures and the underlying biology of ageing. Long-term follow-up of cancer survivors and research on prevention strategies should be pursued to increase the length and quality of life among the growing population of cancer survivors.
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spelling pubmed-57574682018-01-11 Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer Cupit-Link, Margaret C Kirkland, James L Ness, Kirsten K Armstrong, Gregory T Tchkonia, Tamar LeBrasseur, Nathan K Armenian, Saro H Ruddy, Kathryn J Hashmi, Shahrukh K ESMO Open Review Over 30 million cancer survivors exist worldwide. Survivors have an earlier onset and higher incidence of chronic comorbidities, including endocrinopathies, cardiac dysfunction, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, secondary cancers and frailty than the general population; however, the fundamental basis of these changes at the cellular level is unknown. An electronic search was performed on Embase, Medline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Original articles addressing the cellular biology of ageing and/or the mechanisms of cancer therapies similar to ageing mechanisms were included, and references of these articles were reviewed for further search. We found multiple biological process of ageing at the cellular level and their association with cancer therapies, as well as with clinical effects. The direct effects of various chemotherapies and radiation on telomere length, senescent cells, epigenetic modifications and microRNA were found. We review the effects of cancer therapies on recognised hallmarks of ageing. Long-term comorbidities seen in cancer survivors mimic the phenotypes of ageing and likely result from the interaction between therapeutic exposures and the underlying biology of ageing. Long-term follow-up of cancer survivors and research on prevention strategies should be pursued to increase the length and quality of life among the growing population of cancer survivors. BMJ Publishing Group 2017-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5757468/ /pubmed/29326844 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000250 Text en © European Society for Medical Oncology (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Review
Cupit-Link, Margaret C
Kirkland, James L
Ness, Kirsten K
Armstrong, Gregory T
Tchkonia, Tamar
LeBrasseur, Nathan K
Armenian, Saro H
Ruddy, Kathryn J
Hashmi, Shahrukh K
Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
title Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
title_full Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
title_fullStr Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
title_full_unstemmed Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
title_short Biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
title_sort biology of premature ageing in survivors of cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5757468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29326844
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000250
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