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Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins
INTRODUCTION: Neuroma formation after peripheral nerve transection leads to severe neuropathic pain in amputees. Previous studies suggested that physical exercise could bring beneficial effect on alleviating neuropathic pain. However, the effect of exercise on neuroma pain still remained unclear. In...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5757647/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28846565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001411 |
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author | TIAN, JINGE YU, TINGTING XU, YONGMING PU, SHAOFENG LV, YINGYING ZHANG, XIN DU, DONGPING |
author_facet | TIAN, JINGE YU, TINGTING XU, YONGMING PU, SHAOFENG LV, YINGYING ZHANG, XIN DU, DONGPING |
author_sort | TIAN, JINGE |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Neuroma formation after peripheral nerve transection leads to severe neuropathic pain in amputees. Previous studies suggested that physical exercise could bring beneficial effect on alleviating neuropathic pain. However, the effect of exercise on neuroma pain still remained unclear. In addition, long-term exercise can affect the expression of neurotrophins (NT), such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which play key roles in nociceptor sensitization and nerve sprouting after nerve injury. Here, we investigated whether long-term swimming exercise could relieve neuroma pain by modulating NT expression. METHODS: We used a tibial neuroma transposition (TNT) rat model to mimic neuroma pain. After TNT surgery, rats performed swimming exercise for 5 wk. Neuroma pain and tactile sensitivities were detected using von Frey filaments. Immunofluorescence was applied to analyze neuroma formation. NGF and BDNF expressions in peripheral neuroma, dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal cord were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. RESULTS: TNT led to neuroma formation, induced neuroma pain, and mechanical allodynia in hind paw. Five-week swimming exercise inhibited neuroma formation and relieved mechanical allodynia in the hind paw and neuroma pain in the lateral ankle. The analgesic effect lasted for at least 1 wk, even when the exercise ceased. TNT elevated the expressions of BDNF and NGF in peripheral neuroma, dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal cord to different extents. Swimming also decreased the elevation of NT expression. CONCLUSIONS: Swimming exercise not only inhibits neuroma formation induced by nerve transection but also relieves pain behavior. These effects might be associated with the modulation of NT. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5757647 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57576472018-01-31 Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins TIAN, JINGE YU, TINGTING XU, YONGMING PU, SHAOFENG LV, YINGYING ZHANG, XIN DU, DONGPING Med Sci Sports Exerc Basic Sciences INTRODUCTION: Neuroma formation after peripheral nerve transection leads to severe neuropathic pain in amputees. Previous studies suggested that physical exercise could bring beneficial effect on alleviating neuropathic pain. However, the effect of exercise on neuroma pain still remained unclear. In addition, long-term exercise can affect the expression of neurotrophins (NT), such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which play key roles in nociceptor sensitization and nerve sprouting after nerve injury. Here, we investigated whether long-term swimming exercise could relieve neuroma pain by modulating NT expression. METHODS: We used a tibial neuroma transposition (TNT) rat model to mimic neuroma pain. After TNT surgery, rats performed swimming exercise for 5 wk. Neuroma pain and tactile sensitivities were detected using von Frey filaments. Immunofluorescence was applied to analyze neuroma formation. NGF and BDNF expressions in peripheral neuroma, dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal cord were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. RESULTS: TNT led to neuroma formation, induced neuroma pain, and mechanical allodynia in hind paw. Five-week swimming exercise inhibited neuroma formation and relieved mechanical allodynia in the hind paw and neuroma pain in the lateral ankle. The analgesic effect lasted for at least 1 wk, even when the exercise ceased. TNT elevated the expressions of BDNF and NGF in peripheral neuroma, dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal cord to different extents. Swimming also decreased the elevation of NT expression. CONCLUSIONS: Swimming exercise not only inhibits neuroma formation induced by nerve transection but also relieves pain behavior. These effects might be associated with the modulation of NT. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2018-01 2017-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5757647/ /pubmed/28846565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001411 Text en Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | Basic Sciences TIAN, JINGE YU, TINGTING XU, YONGMING PU, SHAOFENG LV, YINGYING ZHANG, XIN DU, DONGPING Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins |
title | Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins |
title_full | Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins |
title_fullStr | Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins |
title_full_unstemmed | Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins |
title_short | Swimming Training Reduces Neuroma Pain by Regulating Neurotrophins |
title_sort | swimming training reduces neuroma pain by regulating neurotrophins |
topic | Basic Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5757647/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28846565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001411 |
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