Adenomatoid tumor of the testis mimicking malignant testicular cancer on multiparametric ultrasound

BACKGROUND: Adenomatoid tumor is one of the most common histological subtypes of paratesticular cancer arising from the epididymis. In very rare cases, these tumors appear as intratesticular lesions originating in the tunica albuginea, representing a diagnostic challenge. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 51-year-old man with a small (0.9 cm) hyperechoic lesion of the left testicle mimicking testicular cancer on multiparametric ultrasound. The lesion was localized in the peripheral zone, confirming vascularization and increased stiffness on contrast-enhanced ultrasound and real-time elastography. Preoperative tumor markers and hormone levels were within normal ranges. Staging computed tomography was negative. Organ-sparing surgery with tumor enucleation and frozen section analysis was performed, confirming testicular adenomatoid tumor. CONCLUSION: Currently, no typical ultrasound features can definitively distinguish intratesticular adenomatoid tumors from malignant testicular masses. Thus, a surgical approach is almost always considered in such a case for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.