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Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals

The ability of human enteric pathogens to colonize plants and use them as alternate hosts is now well established. Salmonella, similarly to phytobacteria, appears to be capable of producing the plant hormone auxin via an indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylase (IpdC), a key enzyme of the IPyA pathway. A del...

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Autores principales: Cox, Clayton E., Brandl, Maria T., de Moraes, Marcos H., Gunasekera, Sarath, Teplitski, Max
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5770404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29375530
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02668
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author Cox, Clayton E.
Brandl, Maria T.
de Moraes, Marcos H.
Gunasekera, Sarath
Teplitski, Max
author_facet Cox, Clayton E.
Brandl, Maria T.
de Moraes, Marcos H.
Gunasekera, Sarath
Teplitski, Max
author_sort Cox, Clayton E.
collection PubMed
description The ability of human enteric pathogens to colonize plants and use them as alternate hosts is now well established. Salmonella, similarly to phytobacteria, appears to be capable of producing the plant hormone auxin via an indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylase (IpdC), a key enzyme of the IPyA pathway. A deletion of the Salmonella ipdC significantly reduced auxin synthesis in laboratory culture. The Salmonella ipdC gene was expressed on root surfaces of Medicago truncatula. M. truncatula auxin-responsive GH3::GUS reporter was activated by the wild type Salmonella, and not but the ipdC mutant, implying that the bacterially produced IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) was detected by the seedlings. Seedling infections with the wild type Salmonella caused an increase in secondary root formation, which was not observed in the ipdC mutant. The wild type Salmonella cells were detected as aggregates at the sites of lateral root emergence, whereas the ipdC mutant cells were evenly distributed in the rhizosphere. However, both strains appeared to colonize seedlings well in growth pouch experiments. The ipdC mutant was also less virulent in a murine model of infection. When mice were infected by oral gavage, the ipdC mutant was as proficient as the wild type strain in colonization of the intestine, but it was defective in the ability to cross the intestinal barrier. Fewer cells of the ipdC mutant, compared with the wild type strain, were detected in Peyer's patches, spleen and in the liver. Orthologs of ipdC are found in all Salmonella genomes and are distributed among many animal pathogens and plant-associated bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae, suggesting a broad ecological role of the IpdC-catalyzed pathway.
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spelling pubmed-57704042018-01-26 Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals Cox, Clayton E. Brandl, Maria T. de Moraes, Marcos H. Gunasekera, Sarath Teplitski, Max Front Microbiol Microbiology The ability of human enteric pathogens to colonize plants and use them as alternate hosts is now well established. Salmonella, similarly to phytobacteria, appears to be capable of producing the plant hormone auxin via an indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylase (IpdC), a key enzyme of the IPyA pathway. A deletion of the Salmonella ipdC significantly reduced auxin synthesis in laboratory culture. The Salmonella ipdC gene was expressed on root surfaces of Medicago truncatula. M. truncatula auxin-responsive GH3::GUS reporter was activated by the wild type Salmonella, and not but the ipdC mutant, implying that the bacterially produced IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) was detected by the seedlings. Seedling infections with the wild type Salmonella caused an increase in secondary root formation, which was not observed in the ipdC mutant. The wild type Salmonella cells were detected as aggregates at the sites of lateral root emergence, whereas the ipdC mutant cells were evenly distributed in the rhizosphere. However, both strains appeared to colonize seedlings well in growth pouch experiments. The ipdC mutant was also less virulent in a murine model of infection. When mice were infected by oral gavage, the ipdC mutant was as proficient as the wild type strain in colonization of the intestine, but it was defective in the ability to cross the intestinal barrier. Fewer cells of the ipdC mutant, compared with the wild type strain, were detected in Peyer's patches, spleen and in the liver. Orthologs of ipdC are found in all Salmonella genomes and are distributed among many animal pathogens and plant-associated bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae, suggesting a broad ecological role of the IpdC-catalyzed pathway. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5770404/ /pubmed/29375530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02668 Text en Copyright © 2018 Cox, Brandl, de Moraes, Gunasekera and Teplitski. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Cox, Clayton E.
Brandl, Maria T.
de Moraes, Marcos H.
Gunasekera, Sarath
Teplitski, Max
Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals
title Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals
title_full Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals
title_fullStr Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals
title_full_unstemmed Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals
title_short Production of the Plant Hormone Auxin by Salmonella and Its Role in the Interactions with Plants and Animals
title_sort production of the plant hormone auxin by salmonella and its role in the interactions with plants and animals
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5770404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29375530
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02668
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