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Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia

Training Aplysia with inedible food for a period that is too brief to produce long-term memory becomes effective in producing memory when training is paired with a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Lip stimulation for the same period of time paired with an NO donor is ineffective. Using qPCR, we examined mol...

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Autores principales: Briskin-Luchinsky, Valeria, Levy, Roi, Halfon, Maayan, Susswein, Abraham J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5772390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29339560
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.046326.117
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author Briskin-Luchinsky, Valeria
Levy, Roi
Halfon, Maayan
Susswein, Abraham J.
author_facet Briskin-Luchinsky, Valeria
Levy, Roi
Halfon, Maayan
Susswein, Abraham J.
author_sort Briskin-Luchinsky, Valeria
collection PubMed
description Training Aplysia with inedible food for a period that is too brief to produce long-term memory becomes effective in producing memory when training is paired with a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Lip stimulation for the same period of time paired with an NO donor is ineffective. Using qPCR, we examined molecular correlates of brief training versus lip stimulation, of treatment with an NO donor versus saline, and of the combined stimuli producing long-term memory. Changes were examined in mRNA expression of Aplysia homologs of C/EBP, CREB1, CREB1α, CREB1β, and CREB2, in both the buccal and cerebral ganglia controlling feeding. Both the brief training and the NO donor increased expression of C/EBP, CREB1, CREB1α, and CREB1β, but not CREB2 in the buccal ganglia. For CREB1α, there was a significant interaction between the effects of the brief training and of the NO donor. In addition, the NO donor, but not brief training, increased expression of all of the genes in the cerebral ganglion. These findings show that the components of learning that alone do not produce memory produce molecular changes in different ganglia. Thus, long-term memory is likely to arise by both additive and interactive increases in gene expression.
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spelling pubmed-57723902019-02-01 Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia Briskin-Luchinsky, Valeria Levy, Roi Halfon, Maayan Susswein, Abraham J. Learn Mem Research Training Aplysia with inedible food for a period that is too brief to produce long-term memory becomes effective in producing memory when training is paired with a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Lip stimulation for the same period of time paired with an NO donor is ineffective. Using qPCR, we examined molecular correlates of brief training versus lip stimulation, of treatment with an NO donor versus saline, and of the combined stimuli producing long-term memory. Changes were examined in mRNA expression of Aplysia homologs of C/EBP, CREB1, CREB1α, CREB1β, and CREB2, in both the buccal and cerebral ganglia controlling feeding. Both the brief training and the NO donor increased expression of C/EBP, CREB1, CREB1α, and CREB1β, but not CREB2 in the buccal ganglia. For CREB1α, there was a significant interaction between the effects of the brief training and of the NO donor. In addition, the NO donor, but not brief training, increased expression of all of the genes in the cerebral ganglion. These findings show that the components of learning that alone do not produce memory produce molecular changes in different ganglia. Thus, long-term memory is likely to arise by both additive and interactive increases in gene expression. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2018-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5772390/ /pubmed/29339560 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.046326.117 Text en © 2018 Briskin-Luchinsky et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the first 12 months after the full-issue publication date (see http://learnmem.cshlp.org/site/misc/terms.xhtml). After 12 months, it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
spellingShingle Research
Briskin-Luchinsky, Valeria
Levy, Roi
Halfon, Maayan
Susswein, Abraham J.
Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia
title Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia
title_full Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia
title_fullStr Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia
title_full_unstemmed Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia
title_short Molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in Aplysia
title_sort molecular correlates of separate components of training that contribute to long-term memory formation after learning that food is inedible in aplysia
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5772390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29339560
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.046326.117
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