Assessment of tumor growth factor-β1 neutralizing antibody in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma

To identify a novel and effective therapy for allergic rhinitis and asthma (ARA), the present study focused on treatment with tumor growth factor (TGF)-β(1) neutralizing antibody. In the present study, four medications were administered to mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. Allergic symptoms in the lungs and nasal mucosa were evaluated by detecting the secretion of cytokines from helper T cells (Th) in the peripheral blood, nasal lavage fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid using ELISA. Defects in regulatory T (Treg) cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were also detected using flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of TGF-β(1) and activation of Smad2/3 pathways were assessed using immunohistochemical staining, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. It was observed that TGF-β(1) neutralizing antibody inhibited symptoms of inflammation in the upper and lower airways. TGF-β(1) neutralizing antibody also restored the Th1/Th2 balance and ameliorated Treg cell defects induced by ARA. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects of TGF-β(1) neutralizing antibody were related to its inhibitory effects on TGF-β(1) expression and Smad2/3 signaling in nasal and lung tissues. Therefore, TGF-β(1) neutralizing antibody may be an effective medicine for the treatment of ARA.