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The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of salt consumption with blood pressure in Viet Nam, a developing country with a high level of salt consumption. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analysis of a nationally representative sample of Vietnamese adults 25–65 years of age who were surveyed using the World Health...

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Autores principales: Jensen, Paul N., Bao, Tran Quoc, Huong, Tran Thi Thanh, Heckbert, Susan R., Fitzpatrick, Annette L., LoGerfo, James P., Ngoc, Truong Le Van, Mokdad, Ali H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5773206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29346423
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191437
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author Jensen, Paul N.
Bao, Tran Quoc
Huong, Tran Thi Thanh
Heckbert, Susan R.
Fitzpatrick, Annette L.
LoGerfo, James P.
Ngoc, Truong Le Van
Mokdad, Ali H.
author_facet Jensen, Paul N.
Bao, Tran Quoc
Huong, Tran Thi Thanh
Heckbert, Susan R.
Fitzpatrick, Annette L.
LoGerfo, James P.
Ngoc, Truong Le Van
Mokdad, Ali H.
author_sort Jensen, Paul N.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of salt consumption with blood pressure in Viet Nam, a developing country with a high level of salt consumption. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analysis of a nationally representative sample of Vietnamese adults 25–65 years of age who were surveyed using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance protocol. Participants who reported acute illness, pregnancy, or current use of antihypertensive medications were excluded. Daily salt consumption was estimated from fasting mid-morning spot urine samples. Associations of salt consumption with systolic blood pressure and prevalent hypertension were assessed using adjusted linear and generalized linear models. Interaction terms were tested to assess differences by age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and rural/urban status. RESULTS: The analysis included 2,333 participants (mean age: 37 years, 46% male, 33% urban). The average estimated salt consumption was 10g/day. No associations of salt consumption with blood pressure or prevalent hypertension were observed at a national scale in men or women. The associations did not differ in subgroups defined by age, smoking, or alcohol consumption; however, associations differed between urban and rural participants (p-value for interaction of urban/rural status with salt consumption, p = 0.02), suggesting that higher salt consumption may be associated with higher systolic blood pressure in urban residents but lower systolic blood pressure in rural residents. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no evidence of an association at a national level, associations of salt consumption with blood pressure differed between urban and rural residents in Viet Nam. The reasons for this differential association are not clear, and given the large rate of rural to urban migration experienced in Viet Nam, this topic warrants further investigation.
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spelling pubmed-57732062018-01-26 The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey Jensen, Paul N. Bao, Tran Quoc Huong, Tran Thi Thanh Heckbert, Susan R. Fitzpatrick, Annette L. LoGerfo, James P. Ngoc, Truong Le Van Mokdad, Ali H. PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of salt consumption with blood pressure in Viet Nam, a developing country with a high level of salt consumption. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analysis of a nationally representative sample of Vietnamese adults 25–65 years of age who were surveyed using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance protocol. Participants who reported acute illness, pregnancy, or current use of antihypertensive medications were excluded. Daily salt consumption was estimated from fasting mid-morning spot urine samples. Associations of salt consumption with systolic blood pressure and prevalent hypertension were assessed using adjusted linear and generalized linear models. Interaction terms were tested to assess differences by age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and rural/urban status. RESULTS: The analysis included 2,333 participants (mean age: 37 years, 46% male, 33% urban). The average estimated salt consumption was 10g/day. No associations of salt consumption with blood pressure or prevalent hypertension were observed at a national scale in men or women. The associations did not differ in subgroups defined by age, smoking, or alcohol consumption; however, associations differed between urban and rural participants (p-value for interaction of urban/rural status with salt consumption, p = 0.02), suggesting that higher salt consumption may be associated with higher systolic blood pressure in urban residents but lower systolic blood pressure in rural residents. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no evidence of an association at a national level, associations of salt consumption with blood pressure differed between urban and rural residents in Viet Nam. The reasons for this differential association are not clear, and given the large rate of rural to urban migration experienced in Viet Nam, this topic warrants further investigation. Public Library of Science 2018-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5773206/ /pubmed/29346423 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191437 Text en © 2018 Jensen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jensen, Paul N.
Bao, Tran Quoc
Huong, Tran Thi Thanh
Heckbert, Susan R.
Fitzpatrick, Annette L.
LoGerfo, James P.
Ngoc, Truong Le Van
Mokdad, Ali H.
The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey
title The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey
title_full The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey
title_fullStr The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey
title_full_unstemmed The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey
title_short The association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a Viet Nam national survey
title_sort association of estimated salt intake with blood pressure in a viet nam national survey
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5773206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29346423
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191437
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