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Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells
Betel nut consumption has significant implications for the public health globally, as the wide-spread habit of Areca chewing throughout Asia and the Pacific is associated with a high prevalence of oral carcinoma and other diseases. Despite a clear causal association of betel nut chewing and oral muc...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5773534/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29348572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18996-2 |
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author | Faouzi, Malika Neupane, Ram P. Yang, Jian Williams, Philip Penner, Reinhold |
author_facet | Faouzi, Malika Neupane, Ram P. Yang, Jian Williams, Philip Penner, Reinhold |
author_sort | Faouzi, Malika |
collection | PubMed |
description | Betel nut consumption has significant implications for the public health globally, as the wide-spread habit of Areca chewing throughout Asia and the Pacific is associated with a high prevalence of oral carcinoma and other diseases. Despite a clear causal association of betel nut chewing and oral mucosal diseases, the biological mechanisms that link Areca nut-contained molecules, inflammation and cancer remain underexplored. In this study we show that the whole Areca nut extract (ANE) is capable of mobilizing Ca(2+) in various immune cell lines. Interestingly, none of the four major alkaloids or a range of other known constituents of Areca nut were able to induce such Ca(2+) signals, suggesting that the active components might represent novel or so far unappreciated chemical structures. The separation of ANE into aqueous and organic fractions has further revealed that the calcium-mobilizing molecules are exclusively present in the aqueous extract. In addition, we found that these calcium signals are associated with the activation of several immune cell lines as shown by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased cell proliferation. These results indicate that calcium-mobilizing molecules present in the aqueous fraction of the Areca nut may critically contribute to the inflammatory disorders affecting betel nut chewers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5773534 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57735342018-01-26 Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells Faouzi, Malika Neupane, Ram P. Yang, Jian Williams, Philip Penner, Reinhold Sci Rep Article Betel nut consumption has significant implications for the public health globally, as the wide-spread habit of Areca chewing throughout Asia and the Pacific is associated with a high prevalence of oral carcinoma and other diseases. Despite a clear causal association of betel nut chewing and oral mucosal diseases, the biological mechanisms that link Areca nut-contained molecules, inflammation and cancer remain underexplored. In this study we show that the whole Areca nut extract (ANE) is capable of mobilizing Ca(2+) in various immune cell lines. Interestingly, none of the four major alkaloids or a range of other known constituents of Areca nut were able to induce such Ca(2+) signals, suggesting that the active components might represent novel or so far unappreciated chemical structures. The separation of ANE into aqueous and organic fractions has further revealed that the calcium-mobilizing molecules are exclusively present in the aqueous extract. In addition, we found that these calcium signals are associated with the activation of several immune cell lines as shown by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased cell proliferation. These results indicate that calcium-mobilizing molecules present in the aqueous fraction of the Areca nut may critically contribute to the inflammatory disorders affecting betel nut chewers. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5773534/ /pubmed/29348572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18996-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Faouzi, Malika Neupane, Ram P. Yang, Jian Williams, Philip Penner, Reinhold Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
title | Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
title_full | Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
title_fullStr | Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
title_short | Areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
title_sort | areca nut extracts mobilize calcium and release pro-inflammatory cytokines from various immune cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5773534/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29348572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18996-2 |
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