Efficacy of decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft in the regeneration of small osseous defect: A comparative study

AIM: To access the efficacy of decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in the regeneration of bone following small osseous defect in minor oral surgery. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the ability of DFDBA to enhance the rate of wound healing and assess radiographic bone density, pain, and infection preoperatively and postoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with cysts were assessed. Ten patients were filled with DFDBA (Group 1) and ten without bone graft (Group 2), respectively. Radiographic bone density was assessed on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative radiographs on 1(st) day, 3(rd) month, and at 6(th) month using Adobe Photoshop CS6 - Grayscale histogram. RESULTS: Bone density in Group 1 was found to be significantly higher than in Group 2 on 3(rd) and 6(th) month postoperatively with a P = 0.024 and P = 0.016 which was statistically significant. The percentage increase in bone density between both the group was determined and yielded no difference over a period of time, but the difference in percentage increase was markedly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 at all the time intervals. CONCLUSION: Bone formed as depicted by bone density is significantly higher when DFDBA is used in small bony defects.