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Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional surveys of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) communities across sub-Saharan Africa show large geographical variation in malaria parasite (Plasmodium spp.) prevalence. The drivers leading to this apparent spatial heterogeneity may also be temporally dynamic but data on prevalen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5774132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29347985 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2187-7 |
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author | Wu, Doris F. Löhrich, Therese Sachse, Andreas Mundry, Roger Wittig, Roman M. Calvignac-Spencer, Sébastien Deschner, Tobias Leendertz, Fabian H. |
author_facet | Wu, Doris F. Löhrich, Therese Sachse, Andreas Mundry, Roger Wittig, Roman M. Calvignac-Spencer, Sébastien Deschner, Tobias Leendertz, Fabian H. |
author_sort | Wu, Doris F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional surveys of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) communities across sub-Saharan Africa show large geographical variation in malaria parasite (Plasmodium spp.) prevalence. The drivers leading to this apparent spatial heterogeneity may also be temporally dynamic but data on prevalence variation over time are missing for wild great apes. This study aims to fill this fundamental gap. METHODS: Some 681 faecal samples were collected from 48 individuals of a group of habituated chimpanzees (Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire) across four non-consecutive sampling periods between 2005 and 2015. RESULTS: Overall, 89 samples (13%) were PCR-positive for malaria parasite DNA. The proportion of positive samples ranged from 0 to 43% per month and 4 to 27% per sampling period. Generalized Linear Mixed Models detected significant seasonal and inter-annual variation, with seasonal increases during the wet seasons and apparently stochastic inter-annual variation. Younger individuals were also significantly more likely to test positive. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight strong temporal fluctuations of malaria parasite detection rates in wild chimpanzees. They suggest that the identification of other drivers of malaria parasite prevalence will require longitudinal approaches and caution against purely cross-sectional studies, which may oversimplify the dynamics of this host-parasite system. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5774132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57741322018-01-26 Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees Wu, Doris F. Löhrich, Therese Sachse, Andreas Mundry, Roger Wittig, Roman M. Calvignac-Spencer, Sébastien Deschner, Tobias Leendertz, Fabian H. Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional surveys of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) communities across sub-Saharan Africa show large geographical variation in malaria parasite (Plasmodium spp.) prevalence. The drivers leading to this apparent spatial heterogeneity may also be temporally dynamic but data on prevalence variation over time are missing for wild great apes. This study aims to fill this fundamental gap. METHODS: Some 681 faecal samples were collected from 48 individuals of a group of habituated chimpanzees (Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire) across four non-consecutive sampling periods between 2005 and 2015. RESULTS: Overall, 89 samples (13%) were PCR-positive for malaria parasite DNA. The proportion of positive samples ranged from 0 to 43% per month and 4 to 27% per sampling period. Generalized Linear Mixed Models detected significant seasonal and inter-annual variation, with seasonal increases during the wet seasons and apparently stochastic inter-annual variation. Younger individuals were also significantly more likely to test positive. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight strong temporal fluctuations of malaria parasite detection rates in wild chimpanzees. They suggest that the identification of other drivers of malaria parasite prevalence will require longitudinal approaches and caution against purely cross-sectional studies, which may oversimplify the dynamics of this host-parasite system. BioMed Central 2018-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC5774132/ /pubmed/29347985 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2187-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Wu, Doris F. Löhrich, Therese Sachse, Andreas Mundry, Roger Wittig, Roman M. Calvignac-Spencer, Sébastien Deschner, Tobias Leendertz, Fabian H. Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
title | Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
title_full | Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
title_fullStr | Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
title_short | Seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
title_sort | seasonal and inter-annual variation of malaria parasite detection in wild chimpanzees |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5774132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29347985 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2187-7 |
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