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Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells
BACKGROUND: Ethyl pyruvate (EP) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The aim of our study was to investigate whether EP is capable of inhibiting the oxidation of LDL, a crucial step in atherogenesis. Additionally, we examined whether EP attenuates the cytotoxic effects of highly o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5784938/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29370236 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191477 |
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author | Rossmann, Christine Nusshold, Christoph Paar, Margret Ledinski, Gerhard Tafeit, Erwin Koestenberger, Martin Bernhart, Eva Maria Sattler, Wolfgang Cvirn, Gerhard Hallström, Seth |
author_facet | Rossmann, Christine Nusshold, Christoph Paar, Margret Ledinski, Gerhard Tafeit, Erwin Koestenberger, Martin Bernhart, Eva Maria Sattler, Wolfgang Cvirn, Gerhard Hallström, Seth |
author_sort | Rossmann, Christine |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Ethyl pyruvate (EP) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The aim of our study was to investigate whether EP is capable of inhibiting the oxidation of LDL, a crucial step in atherogenesis. Additionally, we examined whether EP attenuates the cytotoxic effects of highly oxidized LDL in the human vascular endothelial cell line EA.hy926. METHODS: Native LDL (nLDL) was oxidized using Cu(2+) ions in the presence of increasing amounts of EP. The degree of LDL oxidation was quantified by measuring lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, relative electrophoretic mobilities (REMs), and oxidation-specific immune epitopes. The cytotoxicity of these oxLDLs on EA.hy926 cells was assessed by measuring cell viability and superoxide levels. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of highly oxidized LDL on EA.hy926 cells under increasing concentrations of EP in the media was assessed including measurements of high energy phosphates (ATP). RESULTS: Oxidation of nLDL using Cu(2+) ions was remarkably inhibited by EP in a concentration-dependent manner, reflected by decreased levels of LPO, MDA, REM, oxidation-specific epitopes, and diminished cytotoxicity of the obtained oxLDLs in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of highly oxidized LDL on EA.hy926 cells was remarkably attenuated by EP added to the media in a concentration-dependent manner reflected by a decrease in superoxide and an increase in viability and ATP levels. CONCLUSIONS: EP has the potential for an anti-atherosclerotic drug by attenuating both, the oxidation of LDL and the cytotoxic effect of (already formed) oxLDL in EA.hy926 cells. Chronic administration of EP might be beneficial to impede the development of atherosclerotic lesions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5784938 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57849382018-02-09 Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells Rossmann, Christine Nusshold, Christoph Paar, Margret Ledinski, Gerhard Tafeit, Erwin Koestenberger, Martin Bernhart, Eva Maria Sattler, Wolfgang Cvirn, Gerhard Hallström, Seth PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Ethyl pyruvate (EP) exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. The aim of our study was to investigate whether EP is capable of inhibiting the oxidation of LDL, a crucial step in atherogenesis. Additionally, we examined whether EP attenuates the cytotoxic effects of highly oxidized LDL in the human vascular endothelial cell line EA.hy926. METHODS: Native LDL (nLDL) was oxidized using Cu(2+) ions in the presence of increasing amounts of EP. The degree of LDL oxidation was quantified by measuring lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, relative electrophoretic mobilities (REMs), and oxidation-specific immune epitopes. The cytotoxicity of these oxLDLs on EA.hy926 cells was assessed by measuring cell viability and superoxide levels. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of highly oxidized LDL on EA.hy926 cells under increasing concentrations of EP in the media was assessed including measurements of high energy phosphates (ATP). RESULTS: Oxidation of nLDL using Cu(2+) ions was remarkably inhibited by EP in a concentration-dependent manner, reflected by decreased levels of LPO, MDA, REM, oxidation-specific epitopes, and diminished cytotoxicity of the obtained oxLDLs in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of highly oxidized LDL on EA.hy926 cells was remarkably attenuated by EP added to the media in a concentration-dependent manner reflected by a decrease in superoxide and an increase in viability and ATP levels. CONCLUSIONS: EP has the potential for an anti-atherosclerotic drug by attenuating both, the oxidation of LDL and the cytotoxic effect of (already formed) oxLDL in EA.hy926 cells. Chronic administration of EP might be beneficial to impede the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Public Library of Science 2018-01-25 /pmc/articles/PMC5784938/ /pubmed/29370236 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191477 Text en © 2018 Rossmann et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rossmann, Christine Nusshold, Christoph Paar, Margret Ledinski, Gerhard Tafeit, Erwin Koestenberger, Martin Bernhart, Eva Maria Sattler, Wolfgang Cvirn, Gerhard Hallström, Seth Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells |
title | Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells |
title_full | Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells |
title_fullStr | Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells |
title_short | Ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of LDL in vitro and attenuates oxLDL toxicity in EA.hy926 cells |
title_sort | ethyl pyruvate inhibits oxidation of ldl in vitro and attenuates oxldl toxicity in ea.hy926 cells |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5784938/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29370236 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191477 |
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