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Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain
Although the cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is believed to be caused by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), several postmortem studies have reported cognitive normal subjects with AD brain pathology. As the mechanism underlying these discrepancies has not bee...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5786045/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29374250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19442-7 |
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author | Kobayashi, Eiji Nakano, Masako Kubota, Kenta Himuro, Nobuaki Mizoguchi, Shougo Chikenji, Takako Otani, Miho Mizue, Yuka Nagaishi, Kanna Fujimiya, Mineko |
author_facet | Kobayashi, Eiji Nakano, Masako Kubota, Kenta Himuro, Nobuaki Mizoguchi, Shougo Chikenji, Takako Otani, Miho Mizue, Yuka Nagaishi, Kanna Fujimiya, Mineko |
author_sort | Kobayashi, Eiji |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although the cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is believed to be caused by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), several postmortem studies have reported cognitive normal subjects with AD brain pathology. As the mechanism underlying these discrepancies has not been clarified, we focused the neuroprotective role of astrocytes. After examining 47 donated brains, we classified brains into 3 groups, no AD pathology with no dementia (N-N), AD pathology with no dementia (AD-N), and AD pathology with dementia (AD-D), which represented 41%, 21%, and 38% of brains, respectively. No differences were found in the accumulation of Aβ plaques or NFTs in the entorhinal cortex (EC) between AD-N and AD-D. Number of neurons and synaptic density were increased in AD-N compared to those in AD-D. The astrocytes in AD-N possessed longer or thicker processes, while those in AD-D possessed shorter or thinner processes in layer I/II of the EC. Astrocytes in all layers of the EC in AD-N showed enhanced GLT-1 expression in comparison to those in AD-D. Therefore these activated forms of astrocytes with increased GLT-1 expression may exert beneficial roles in preserving cognitive function, even in the presence of Aβ and NFTs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5786045 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57860452018-02-07 Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain Kobayashi, Eiji Nakano, Masako Kubota, Kenta Himuro, Nobuaki Mizoguchi, Shougo Chikenji, Takako Otani, Miho Mizue, Yuka Nagaishi, Kanna Fujimiya, Mineko Sci Rep Article Although the cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is believed to be caused by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), several postmortem studies have reported cognitive normal subjects with AD brain pathology. As the mechanism underlying these discrepancies has not been clarified, we focused the neuroprotective role of astrocytes. After examining 47 donated brains, we classified brains into 3 groups, no AD pathology with no dementia (N-N), AD pathology with no dementia (AD-N), and AD pathology with dementia (AD-D), which represented 41%, 21%, and 38% of brains, respectively. No differences were found in the accumulation of Aβ plaques or NFTs in the entorhinal cortex (EC) between AD-N and AD-D. Number of neurons and synaptic density were increased in AD-N compared to those in AD-D. The astrocytes in AD-N possessed longer or thicker processes, while those in AD-D possessed shorter or thinner processes in layer I/II of the EC. Astrocytes in all layers of the EC in AD-N showed enhanced GLT-1 expression in comparison to those in AD-D. Therefore these activated forms of astrocytes with increased GLT-1 expression may exert beneficial roles in preserving cognitive function, even in the presence of Aβ and NFTs. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5786045/ /pubmed/29374250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19442-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Kobayashi, Eiji Nakano, Masako Kubota, Kenta Himuro, Nobuaki Mizoguchi, Shougo Chikenji, Takako Otani, Miho Mizue, Yuka Nagaishi, Kanna Fujimiya, Mineko Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain |
title | Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain |
title_full | Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain |
title_fullStr | Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain |
title_full_unstemmed | Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain |
title_short | Activated forms of astrocytes with higher GLT-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with Alzheimer pathology in human brain |
title_sort | activated forms of astrocytes with higher glt-1 expression are associated with cognitive normal subjects with alzheimer pathology in human brain |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5786045/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29374250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19442-7 |
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