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Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Several studies have demonstrated that genes differentially expressed between sexes (sex-biased genes) tend to evolve faster than unbiased genes, particularly in males. The reason for this accelerated evolution is not clear, but several explanations have involved adaptive and nonadaptive mechanisms....

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Autores principales: Congrains, Carlos, Campanini, Emeline B, Torres, Felipe R, Rezende, Víctor B, Nakamura, Aline M, de Oliveira, Janaína L, Lima, André L A, Chahad-Ehlers, Samira, Sobrinho, Iderval S, de Brito, Reinaldo A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5786236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29346618
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy009
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author Congrains, Carlos
Campanini, Emeline B
Torres, Felipe R
Rezende, Víctor B
Nakamura, Aline M
de Oliveira, Janaína L
Lima, André L A
Chahad-Ehlers, Samira
Sobrinho, Iderval S
de Brito, Reinaldo A
author_facet Congrains, Carlos
Campanini, Emeline B
Torres, Felipe R
Rezende, Víctor B
Nakamura, Aline M
de Oliveira, Janaína L
Lima, André L A
Chahad-Ehlers, Samira
Sobrinho, Iderval S
de Brito, Reinaldo A
author_sort Congrains, Carlos
collection PubMed
description Several studies have demonstrated that genes differentially expressed between sexes (sex-biased genes) tend to evolve faster than unbiased genes, particularly in males. The reason for this accelerated evolution is not clear, but several explanations have involved adaptive and nonadaptive mechanisms. Furthermore, the differences of sex-biased expression patterns of closely related species are also little explored out of Drosophila. To address the evolutionary processes involved with sex-biased expression in species with incipient differentiation, we analyzed male and female transcriptomes of Anastrepha fraterculus and Anastrepha obliqua, a pair of species that have diverged recently, likely in the presence of gene flow. Using these data, we inferred differentiation indexes and evolutionary rates and tested for signals of selection in thousands of genes expressed in head and reproductive transcriptomes from both species. Our results indicate that sex-biased and reproductive-biased genes evolve faster than unbiased genes in both species, which is due to both adaptive pressure and relaxed constraints. Furthermore, among male-biased genes evolving under positive selection, we identified some related to sexual functions such as courtship behavior and fertility. These findings suggest that sex-biased genes may have played important roles in the establishment of reproductive isolation between these species, due to a combination of selection and drift, and unveil a plethora of genetic markers useful for more studies in these species and their differentiation.
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spelling pubmed-57862362018-02-02 Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) Congrains, Carlos Campanini, Emeline B Torres, Felipe R Rezende, Víctor B Nakamura, Aline M de Oliveira, Janaína L Lima, André L A Chahad-Ehlers, Samira Sobrinho, Iderval S de Brito, Reinaldo A Genome Biol Evol Research Article Several studies have demonstrated that genes differentially expressed between sexes (sex-biased genes) tend to evolve faster than unbiased genes, particularly in males. The reason for this accelerated evolution is not clear, but several explanations have involved adaptive and nonadaptive mechanisms. Furthermore, the differences of sex-biased expression patterns of closely related species are also little explored out of Drosophila. To address the evolutionary processes involved with sex-biased expression in species with incipient differentiation, we analyzed male and female transcriptomes of Anastrepha fraterculus and Anastrepha obliqua, a pair of species that have diverged recently, likely in the presence of gene flow. Using these data, we inferred differentiation indexes and evolutionary rates and tested for signals of selection in thousands of genes expressed in head and reproductive transcriptomes from both species. Our results indicate that sex-biased and reproductive-biased genes evolve faster than unbiased genes in both species, which is due to both adaptive pressure and relaxed constraints. Furthermore, among male-biased genes evolving under positive selection, we identified some related to sexual functions such as courtship behavior and fertility. These findings suggest that sex-biased genes may have played important roles in the establishment of reproductive isolation between these species, due to a combination of selection and drift, and unveil a plethora of genetic markers useful for more studies in these species and their differentiation. Oxford University Press 2018-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5786236/ /pubmed/29346618 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy009 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Research Article
Congrains, Carlos
Campanini, Emeline B
Torres, Felipe R
Rezende, Víctor B
Nakamura, Aline M
de Oliveira, Janaína L
Lima, André L A
Chahad-Ehlers, Samira
Sobrinho, Iderval S
de Brito, Reinaldo A
Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
title Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
title_full Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
title_fullStr Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
title_full_unstemmed Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
title_short Evidence of Adaptive Evolution and Relaxed Constraints in Sex-Biased Genes of South American and West Indies Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
title_sort evidence of adaptive evolution and relaxed constraints in sex-biased genes of south american and west indies fruit flies (diptera: tephritidae)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5786236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29346618
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy009
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