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Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that have significant roles in biological processes such as glucose homoeostasis. MiRNAs fine-tune target genes expression via sequence-specific binding of their seed sequence to the untranslated region of mRNAs and degrade target mRNAs. MicroRNAs in...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5788209/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29399544 http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/apb.2017.066 |
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author | Saliani, Negar Montazersaheb, Soheila Montasser Kouhsari, Shideh |
author_facet | Saliani, Negar Montazersaheb, Soheila Montasser Kouhsari, Shideh |
author_sort | Saliani, Negar |
collection | PubMed |
description | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that have significant roles in biological processes such as glucose homoeostasis. MiRNAs fine-tune target genes expression via sequence-specific binding of their seed sequence to the untranslated region of mRNAs and degrade target mRNAs. MicroRNAs in islet β-cells regulate β-cell differentiation, proliferation, insulin transcription and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Furthermore, miRNAs play key roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolisms and modify insulin sensitivity by controlling metabolic functions in main target organs of insulin such as skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Moreover, since circulating miRNAs are detectable and stable in serum, levels of certain miRNAs seem to be novel biomarkers for prediction of diabetes mellitus. In this article, due to the prominent impact of miRNAs on diabetes, we overviewed the microRNAs regulatory functions in organs related to insulin resistance and diabetes and shed light on their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for diabetes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5788209 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Tabriz University of Medical Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57882092018-02-02 Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes Saliani, Negar Montazersaheb, Soheila Montasser Kouhsari, Shideh Adv Pharm Bull Review Article MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that have significant roles in biological processes such as glucose homoeostasis. MiRNAs fine-tune target genes expression via sequence-specific binding of their seed sequence to the untranslated region of mRNAs and degrade target mRNAs. MicroRNAs in islet β-cells regulate β-cell differentiation, proliferation, insulin transcription and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Furthermore, miRNAs play key roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolisms and modify insulin sensitivity by controlling metabolic functions in main target organs of insulin such as skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Moreover, since circulating miRNAs are detectable and stable in serum, levels of certain miRNAs seem to be novel biomarkers for prediction of diabetes mellitus. In this article, due to the prominent impact of miRNAs on diabetes, we overviewed the microRNAs regulatory functions in organs related to insulin resistance and diabetes and shed light on their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for diabetes. Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 2017-12 2017-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5788209/ /pubmed/29399544 http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/apb.2017.066 Text en ©2017 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Saliani, Negar Montazersaheb, Soheila Montasser Kouhsari, Shideh Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes |
title | Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes |
title_full | Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes |
title_fullStr | Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes |
title_full_unstemmed | Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes |
title_short | Micromanaging Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes |
title_sort | micromanaging glucose tolerance and diabetes |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5788209/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29399544 http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/apb.2017.066 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT salianinegar micromanagingglucosetoleranceanddiabetes AT montazersahebsoheila micromanagingglucosetoleranceanddiabetes AT montasserkouhsarishideh micromanagingglucosetoleranceanddiabetes |