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Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease

Bile acids (BAs) are cholesterol-derived metabolites that facilitate the intestinal absorption and transport of dietary lipids. Recently, BAs also emerged as pivotal signaling molecules controlling glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism by binding to the nuclear hormone farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and...

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Autores principales: Shapiro, Hagit, Kolodziejczyk, Aleksandra A., Halstuch, Daniel, Elinav, Eran
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5789421/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29339445
http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171965
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author Shapiro, Hagit
Kolodziejczyk, Aleksandra A.
Halstuch, Daniel
Elinav, Eran
author_facet Shapiro, Hagit
Kolodziejczyk, Aleksandra A.
Halstuch, Daniel
Elinav, Eran
author_sort Shapiro, Hagit
collection PubMed
description Bile acids (BAs) are cholesterol-derived metabolites that facilitate the intestinal absorption and transport of dietary lipids. Recently, BAs also emerged as pivotal signaling molecules controlling glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism by binding to the nuclear hormone farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G protein receptor 5 (TGR5) in multiple organs, leading to regulation of intestinal incretin secretion, hepatic gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, energy expenditure, inflammation, and gut microbiome configuration. Alterations in BA metabolism and signaling are associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), whereas treatment of T2DM patients with BA sequestrants, or bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients, results in a significant improvement in glycemic response that is associated with changes in the BA profile and signaling. Herein, we review the roles of BAs in glucose metabolism in health and disease; highlight the limitations, unknowns, and challenges in understanding the impact of BAs on the glycemic response; and discuss how this knowledge may be harnessed to develop innovative therapeutic approaches for the treatment of hyperglycemia and diabetes.
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spelling pubmed-57894212018-08-05 Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease Shapiro, Hagit Kolodziejczyk, Aleksandra A. Halstuch, Daniel Elinav, Eran J Exp Med Reviews Bile acids (BAs) are cholesterol-derived metabolites that facilitate the intestinal absorption and transport of dietary lipids. Recently, BAs also emerged as pivotal signaling molecules controlling glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism by binding to the nuclear hormone farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G protein receptor 5 (TGR5) in multiple organs, leading to regulation of intestinal incretin secretion, hepatic gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, energy expenditure, inflammation, and gut microbiome configuration. Alterations in BA metabolism and signaling are associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), whereas treatment of T2DM patients with BA sequestrants, or bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients, results in a significant improvement in glycemic response that is associated with changes in the BA profile and signaling. Herein, we review the roles of BAs in glucose metabolism in health and disease; highlight the limitations, unknowns, and challenges in understanding the impact of BAs on the glycemic response; and discuss how this knowledge may be harnessed to develop innovative therapeutic approaches for the treatment of hyperglycemia and diabetes. The Rockefeller University Press 2018-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5789421/ /pubmed/29339445 http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171965 Text en © 2018 Shapiro et al. http://www.rupress.org/terms/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms/). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 International license, as described at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
spellingShingle Reviews
Shapiro, Hagit
Kolodziejczyk, Aleksandra A.
Halstuch, Daniel
Elinav, Eran
Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
title Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
title_full Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
title_fullStr Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
title_full_unstemmed Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
title_short Bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
title_sort bile acids in glucose metabolism in health and disease
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5789421/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29339445
http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20171965
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