Identification of differential protein‐coding gene expressions in early phase lung adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of early phase lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is associated with therapeutic strategy, effect, and survival time. However, the sensitive biomarkers of early phase LADC are still unclear. This study aimed to identify protein‐coding genes that can be used as biomarkers of early stage LADC. METHODS: Gene microarray analysis was performed to identify key hub genes that show different expression in lung adenocarcinoma compared to normal tissues. The microarray data of lung adenocarcinoma in stages IA, IB, IIA, IIB, and normal tissues (GSE10072) were downloaded from a free online database, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). RESULTS: A total of 572 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between early phase lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues using R software. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online tools were used to obtain Gene Ontology analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was used to analyze DEGs. Cytoscape software was used to express the protein‐protein interaction network. We found that some cancer‐related Gene Ontology terms and pathways (e.g. cell adhesion, cell surface receptor signaling pathway, PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway) were significantly enriched in DEGs. CONCLUSION: Protein‐coding genes JUN, FYN, CAV1, and SFN may play vital roles in the progress of early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma. Consequently, through bioinformatics analysis, the key genes could be established to provide more potential references for the therapeutic targets of lung adenocarcinoma.